Evolution Flashcards
Evolution
Natural change of genes over millions of years. It’s the theory that organisms change with the passage of time as a result of natural selection
Geological timescale
Is used to record the history of life on earth
Evidence for evolution
Fossil records
Biogeography
DNA evidence
Descent with modification
Genetics
DNA evidence
The more similar the DNA is is the more the organisms are related
DNA evidence
The more similar the DNA is is the more the organisms are related
Things were molecules
That had to replicate themselves in order for offspring to be produced, they formed due to extreme conditions at hat time
The moving of tectonic plates to form laurasia and gondwanaland
Continental drift
3 eras of the geological times ale
Palezoic, mesozoic and canozoic
Before the cambrian period
Known as the pre cambrian period
Fossils
Are mineralized remains of an. Organism that has lived in the past
Genetic variation
Variety of genes that may differ from the maternal and paternal genes resulting in new genotypes and phenotypes
Mutation
A sudden change in sequence or oder of nitrogeneous bases of a nuclei acid resulting in declines in genetics inherited
Natural selection
Process by which organisms best suited to survive in the environment achieve greater reproduction successing passing advantageous characteristics onto future generations
Palaeontology
Study of fossils
Speciation
Process where new species are formed form the original population
Transitional fossils
Show intermediate characteristics between two genera/species. It has common characteristics to both ancestor species and the descendant species that follow.
Useful mutation
Advantages to the organisms and are passed from parent to offspring
Variation
Refers to how organisms differ from each other
Variation is caused by
Genes and environmental
Selective breeding
When humans deliberately breed animals or pants together so that they can get the characteristics they want from the organisms
How do cells communicate
Via the nervous system and hormone system (endocrine system)
Variation causes
Cancer cell by radiation, carcinogenic and viruses
Geological theory
Explains how the earth surface changes look now and how they were in the past and what caused the difference to occur
Organic molecules
Pretend and fatty acids, the molecules are combined to form cell membranes
Pangaea
It is given to the supercontinent that existed during the palezoic era
Why did the dodo bird become extinct
The settlers that arrived on the island brought animals like dogs that ate the dodo’s eggs and they chopped down tres where the dodo bird lived and hunted them for food
Adaptive evolution
Ensures individuals within a species have traits that allow them to survive and reproduce in a habitat
Individuals die
When they fail to compete for food, reproduce or fight against Predators.
Extinction
Species that no longer exist due to changes in the environment that reproduces its ability to survive an reproduce
Charles dsrwin theory
Organisms evolve to adapt to the environment, organisms with adaptive features which allow reproduction and survals of the species while others die out.
Trait
A distinguishing and inheritable charscteristic of an organism
Charles proposed that evolution takes place
By natural and sexual selection
Lamarckism
Things that we learn to inherit and changes were inheritable. Using or not using certain features can cause them to enlarge or shrink and determine if they are passed down to the next generation
Traists are acquired htorugh the overuse and under use of certain body sorts
A fossil is
Completer organisms or remains, imprints or traces of an organism that is preserved in rocks, they are found in sedimentary rocks fokeed when clays and soil particles are carried from one palace to another
Formations of oil
Marine organisms die and accumulate in stagnate water lacking oxygen. They are buried by classy to not decays but form hydrogen rich muds broken down by anaerobic bacteria. The oil sips into permeable rocks and gets trapped by impermeable rocks
