EVOLUTION

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

the changes in organisms over generations as a result of genomic variations

Question 2

Natural selection

Answer 2

is the non-random increase in frequency of DNA sequences that increase survival and the non-random reduction in the frequency of deleterious sequences

Question 3

Vertical gene transfer

Answer 3

VGT is where genes are transferred from parent to offspring as a result of sexual or asexual reproduction

Question 4

Horizontal gene transfer

Answer 4

HGT is where genes are transferred between individuals in the same generation

Question 5

Inheritance

Answer 5

natural selection is more rapid in prokaryotes. Prokaryotes can exchange genetic material horizontally, resulting in faster evolutionary change than in organisms that only use vertical gene transfer

Question 6

Phenotype frequency

Answer 6

the changes in phenotype frequency as a result of stabilising, directional or disruptive selection

Question 7

Stabilising selection

Answer 7

in SS an average phenotype is selected for & extremes of the phenotype range are selected against

Question 8

Directional selection

Answer 8

in DS one extreme of the phenotype range is selected for

Question 9

Disruptive selection

Answer 9

in DS two or more phenotypes are selected for