evolution Flashcards
1
Q
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
5 conditions
A
if 5 conditions met the population will stay exactly the same from generation to
generation
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
1.No mutations
2. No gene flow
3. No natural selection
4. Random mating
5. Large population
2
Q
fitness
A
the ability of an organism (based on its genotype) to survive, find a mate and produce offspring to pass on genes to the next generation
3
Q
genetic flow
A
transfer of alleles from one population to another resulting from movement of fertile
individuals or their gametes
4
Q
genetic drift
A
a process in which chance events cause unpredictable fluctuations of allele frequencies from one generation to the next
5
Q
molecular clock hypothesis
A
- based on the theory that specific DNA sequences (or the proteins they encode) spontaneously mutate at constant rates
- to estimate how long ago two related organisms diverged from a common ancestor
(i.e. when speciation occurred)
