Evidence of inequalities Gender Flashcards
Adkins
work place women
horizontal and vertical segregation in the workplace disadvantaging the roles of women. In theme parks males worked as ride operators whilst women worked in catering. In these roles women faced regular sexual harassment from other staff and customers.
Laura Bates - Everyday Sexism Project
Work place women In the UK parliament men outnumber women by 4 to 1. Also only 18 out of 108 High Court Judges are female.
Mac an Ghaill
work place males
The Crisis of Masculinity. Deindustrialisation and feminisation of the labour market has led to increased unemployment for men.
Willis
Workplace Males
States that working class ‘Lads’ are fatalistic about their futures due to following in their father’s footsteps – Leading them into low status, low paid, basic manual labour jobs.
Skelton
education women
Suggests that the hidden curriculum (such as attitudes of teachers) negatively influences subject choices.
Kelly
education women suggests that Science is packaged as a boys subject – Boys are allowed to dominate science classrooms and examples in textbooks are male relates e.g. cars and footballs in examples. This leads to girls being disengaged from the subject.
Colley
education women Argues that subject choices are negatively influenced by: -Perception of gender roles -Subject preferences -Learning environment
Willis
education males
– States that working class ‘Lads’ are fatalistic about their futures due to following in their father’s footsteps – Leading them into low status, low paid, basic manual labour jobs – This means that they developed anti-school attitudes in the workplace as they did not see the value in achievement (they did not need qualifications to get these jobs).
Mitsos and Browne
States that teachers treat males and females differently and that this can cause inequality for boys – They state that teachers are too lenient on ‘laddish’ behaviour of boys and that this can do them a disservice leading to their lack of achievement. Whereas they are hard on girls who are seen as breaking both the school rules and gender norms – ‘doubly deviant’ – This ensures that they achieve.
Ferguson
media women
content analysis of women’s magazines and counted up the number of times a certain topic was covered. She concluded women’s’ magazines were based around a ‘cult of femininity’ which promotes the idea that excellence is achieved through caring for others, the family, marriage and appearance.
Billington
women media
Argues that the media presents masculinity as dominant and femininity as subordinate.
Mulvey
women in media
male gaze
Women in the media are viewed through the eyes of heterosexual men (male gaze). Women are therefore presented as passive objects for male desire.
sewell
media male
Found that black Afro-Caribbean boys turned to rapper role models due to a lack of father figure within the home, when they were from matriarchal backgrounds. This negative role model then lead these boys into deviant anti-school subcultures which lead to their lack of achievement.
Billington M
males media
Argues that the media presents masculinity as dominant and femininity as subordinate. Although this more so links to females it could be applied that boys feel pressure to look and act in a particular way.
Easthorpe
argues that a variety of media, especially Hollywood films and computer games, transmit the view that masculinity based on strength, aggression, competition and violence is biologically determined and, therefore, a natural goal for boys to achieve.
