Evidence is Everything Flashcards
List the layers of the Earth in order
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
Centre
Lithosphere (crust and solid mantle)
Asthenosphere (upper mantle)
Describe continental drift
Alfred Wegener first proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912. CD occurs due to the movement of tectonic plates. This results in the movement of the continents over millions of years.
Name the supercontinent and the names of the split.
Pangaea- supercontinent
Laurasia- northern continents
Gondwana- southern continents
What evidence do we have to support the theory of continental drift?
- Fossils
- Jigsaw puzzle
- Seafloor spreading
- Magnetic striping
Describe the movement of plate interactions
Divergent- divide
Convergent- collide
Transform- rub
What causes continental drift?
Convection currents
Describe the theory of evolution
-Charles Darwin proposed the theory
-Observed the geological distribution of plants, animals, fossils etc.
-Species can develop from a common ancestor
What is natural selection?
The process of populations of living organisms adapting and changing to suit the environment.
What evidence do we have to support the theory of evolution?
- Fossil layers in the Earth’s crust
- Similarities in organisms alive today (DNA, embryos etc.)
How do fossils form?
-Sediment covers the organism
- Sediment turns to stone
-Mould crystallises, forming a cast
-Fossil is exposed on Earth’s surface
What is the Law of Superposition?
Describes that the oldest rock strata will be deeper into the Earth’s crust than the younger rock strata.
Why is the archaeopteryx important?
- Evidence of Darwin’s theory
- Bird with dinosaur-like features (teeth, long tail)