Evidence For Research Methods Flashcards
Jane Elliot: An experiment in discrimination?
Experiment.
Primary school teacher in Iowa.
Conducted an experiment in 1968 in which she deliberately discriminated in her classroom.
Whichever group of children was positively labelled on a particular day, performed better, attitude and tests.
Led to hostility between two groups.
Alice Sullivan: Class, cultural capital and achievement.
Questionnaire.
2001 collected data form 465 pupils in four schools.
She asked questions like parental’ educational achievement, involvement in cultural activities (books, theatres) and their own educational achievement.
Sullivan found a link in performance in GCSEs and high levels of cultural capital.
(Strongly linked to class background)
William Labov: Linguistic ability.
Interviews.
Used interviews with young black American children to investigate whether children form disadvantaged backgrounds had poor language skills.
2 formal setting. Informal setting they were able to talk fluently.
Devine: Observational research with primary-school children.
Observation
Devine (2003) observed classrooms and playgrounds in three primary schools in Ireland.
She made sure that she sat at desks with the children and never reported misbehaviour.
She stayed tryed understanding the children’s point of view of school.
Evidence of laboratory experiments. Harvey and Slatin
Dr Milgram
- Harvey and Slatin - labelling - photos of children from different social classes shown to teachers asked to rate on how likely they’d succeed.
- DR Milgram, looked in obedience and the blind obedience to authority.
- How German people could permit the extermination of the jews
- The issue of authority. Under what conditions would a person obey authority who commanded actions that went against conscience.
- Obedience - why is it that we follow orders?
- Major ethical considerations
Evidence of field experiment?
Rosenthal and Jacobson
Elliot
- Rosenthal and Jacobson, Pygmalion effect by giving teachers fake information about students ability and potential. Teachers were told IQ scores. Supported the students with higher IQ scores.
- Elliot
What’s was Venkatesh’s study on?
Participant observation
- Conducted an overt participant observation
- Chicago, change his approach of clipboard and questions
- What it meant to be black and poor
- Conducted a 7 year participant observation
Whyte study on?
Non-participant observation
- A summary
- Ethnography - long term study
- Qualitative data
- Ecological validity - generalise to real world
- Micro sociology, flexible, free-will, natural habitat
- He was able to get a detailed and in depth look at the social interactions and behaviours of his research subjects, for more than if he completed a different research method.
Sharpe study? Interviews?
Unstructured interviews to study girls attitudes towards education, family and work.
Sewell, questionnaires?
150- Afro Caribbean to examine reasons for underachievement.
Peer pressure and street culture.
Value and lone parenthood.
Educational achievement decreasing.
Hey (2007) secondary qualitative data?
Girls and friendships in education - investigated friendship networks among girls in a secondary school using the notes that girls passed to one another during lessons. (out the bin) Allowed to access subjective views of girls and build up a picture go their friendship groups without using conventional methods such as interviews.
Modood, ethnicity, class and attainment. Official statistics (2004)?
examined five or more GCSEs at grade A*-C in different ethnic groups - examined people from free school meals - low-income - were worse off getting worse grades.
