Evidence

Question 1

Name 4 different types of “evidence”

Answer 1

1. Physical Evidence (documents/objects etc).
2. Forensic Evidence (fingerprints/DNA)
3. Digital Evidence (computer/cctv)
4. Expert Witness
5. Intelligence

Question 2

Name 3 different types of ‘Digital Technology’ that can provide best evidence.

Answer 2

CCTV (Capturing a Shoplifter).

Officer Body Worn Video (BWV)
Captures video & audio.

Mobile Phones / Dash-Cam’s / Helmet Cam

Question 3

When gathering evidence, what specialist support is available to us?
(Name Any 3)

Answer 3

CID / Financial Crime / Surveillance Unit / Hi-Tech Crime / Medical Experts / Collision Investigation Unit (CIU)

Question 4

What legal powers/legislation must we adhere to when collecting evidence?

Answer 4

Criminal Procedure & Investigations Act (CPIA) 1996
PACE (1984)
Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA) 2000
Human Rights Act (HRA) 1988
Equality Act (2010)
Youth Justice & Criminal Evidence Act (1999)

Question 5

When dealing with “evidence” we should consider SHACKS.

What does SHACKS refer to?

Answer 5

Seen
Heard
Actions
Conversation 
Knowledge 
Smell

Question 6

When dealing with evidence - and suspects we should refer to ADVOKATE.

What are the points within ADVOKATE?

Answer 6

A: Amount of time under observation.
D: Distance between witness & suspect.
V: Visibility: Lighting/Weather conditions.
O: Obstructions of view of the suspect?
K: Known or seen them before?
A: Any reason for remembering suspect; tattoos/scars?
T: Time Lapse, between them seeing incident & giving statement
E: Errors. Account for any errors such as clothing description

Question 7

Within “Evidence” we should consider a 10 point description of the suspect/offender.
What are the 10 points?

Answer 7

1️⃣ Age
2️⃣ Build
3️⃣ Clothing 
4️⃣ Any distinguishing features 
5️⃣ Ethnicity
6️⃣ Colour Complexion
7️⃣ Gender
8️⃣ Hair Colour
9️⃣ Height
🔟 Were they carrying anything?

Question 8

Within “Evidence” we should consider a 6 point description of a vehicle
What are the 6 points?

Answer 8

1️⃣ Colour
2️⃣ Make
3️⃣ Model
4️⃣ Type (Saloon/SUV/Estate)
5️⃣ Index - even a partial will help!
6️⃣ Anything ‘distinctive’ (stickers/damage/wheel colour)

Question 9

What is RIPA and why was it introduced?

Answer 9

Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000

Regulates surveillance, investigation & interception of communications.

Introduced as a statutory framework for covert techniques.

Question 10

What is CPIA and what is it’s purpose?

Answer 10

Criminal Procedure & Investigations Act 1996

Broadly, this is the regulation of investigations.