eukaryotic pathogens Flashcards
giardia intestinalis
flagellated anaerobic parasite, have two nucelli of equal size
- most common parasitic diarrhea in the united states
giardiasis
waterborne intestinal disease
giardiasis treatment
antiprotozoal drug metronidazole
trichomonas vaginalis
flagellated anaerobic parasite
- lack mitochondria but have hydrogenosomes for metabolism
-sex transmission
- toilet seat, sauna
-vaginal discharge, itching, burning
- asymptomatic in men
cryptosporidium parvum
protist that lives as a parasite in warm-blooded animals
- produces oocysts that are transmitted in fecally contaminated water
toxoplasma gondii
protist that lives as a parasite in warm blooded animals
- produces oocysts that are shed in the feces of infected animals (transmitted by cats and undercooked meat)
entamoeba histolytica
pathogenic protist transmitted to humans via contaminated water
- if untreated: systemic infection
naegleria fowleri
brain eating amoeba
trypanosoma brucei
african sleeping sickness (tsetse fly)
- CNS and multiplies in SF
trypanosoma cruzi
chagas disease (kissing bug)
- heart, GI, CNS
-treatment available
leishmania tropica or mexicana
flagellated protozoan, related to trypanosoma
- sandfly bite
- ulcers on skin
CUTANEOUS
leishmania donovani
- sandfly bite
- parasite travels to internal organs
- fatal if untreated
VISCERAL
schistosomiasis
“snail fever”
- life cycle requires snails and humans
eggs= miracidia
once snail infected with miracidia=cercaria=skin lesions
filiariasis
transmitted by the bite of a mosquito
- nematode: wuchereria bancrofti
- worms interrupt lymph flow
- chronic infection of the lymphatic system
-BIG LEGS
what compound do fungi break down
lingin (gives strength to woody plants)
mushrooms are___
fruiting bodies
fungal infections aka
mycoses
what type of agar can most fungi be propagated on
sabouraud dextrose agar
- bacteria won’t grow bc of its low pH
what are the mechanisms that fungi can cause infection
allergic response, mycotoxins, infections (mycoses)
fungal diseases: superficial mycoses
caused by dermatophytes (fungus living in the skin)
fungal diseases: subcutaneous mycoses
more serious infection in deeper layers of the skin
- travels through the body through lymph channel
fungal diseases: systemic mycoses
fungal growth in organs of the body after inhaling spores
- antibiotics make it worse
- more serious in immunosuppressed individuals
coccidioidomycosis
spores enter lungs where they germinate and then rupture, enter the blood stream, and cause lesions on the bones and CNS (meningitis)
candidiasis
caused by yeast candida albicans and other candida species
C albicans
dimorphic and can form true mycelium
