eukaryotic pathogens Flashcards

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1
Q

giardia intestinalis

A

flagellated anaerobic parasite, have two nucelli of equal size
- most common parasitic diarrhea in the united states

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2
Q

giardiasis

A

waterborne intestinal disease

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3
Q

giardiasis treatment

A

antiprotozoal drug metronidazole

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4
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

A

flagellated anaerobic parasite
- lack mitochondria but have hydrogenosomes for metabolism
-sex transmission
- toilet seat, sauna
-vaginal discharge, itching, burning
- asymptomatic in men

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5
Q

cryptosporidium parvum

A

protist that lives as a parasite in warm-blooded animals
- produces oocysts that are transmitted in fecally contaminated water

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6
Q

toxoplasma gondii

A

protist that lives as a parasite in warm blooded animals
- produces oocysts that are shed in the feces of infected animals (transmitted by cats and undercooked meat)

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7
Q

entamoeba histolytica

A

pathogenic protist transmitted to humans via contaminated water
- if untreated: systemic infection

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8
Q

naegleria fowleri

A

brain eating amoeba

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9
Q

trypanosoma brucei

A

african sleeping sickness (tsetse fly)
- CNS and multiplies in SF

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10
Q

trypanosoma cruzi

A

chagas disease (kissing bug)
- heart, GI, CNS
-treatment available

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11
Q

leishmania tropica or mexicana

A

flagellated protozoan, related to trypanosoma
- sandfly bite
- ulcers on skin
CUTANEOUS

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12
Q

leishmania donovani

A
  • sandfly bite
  • parasite travels to internal organs
  • fatal if untreated
    VISCERAL
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13
Q

schistosomiasis

A

“snail fever”
- life cycle requires snails and humans
eggs= miracidia
once snail infected with miracidia=cercaria=skin lesions

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14
Q

filiariasis

A

transmitted by the bite of a mosquito
- nematode: wuchereria bancrofti
- worms interrupt lymph flow
- chronic infection of the lymphatic system
-BIG LEGS

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15
Q

what compound do fungi break down

A

lingin (gives strength to woody plants)

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16
Q

mushrooms are___

A

fruiting bodies

17
Q

fungal infections aka

A

mycoses

18
Q

what type of agar can most fungi be propagated on

A

sabouraud dextrose agar
- bacteria won’t grow bc of its low pH

19
Q

what are the mechanisms that fungi can cause infection

A

allergic response, mycotoxins, infections (mycoses)

20
Q

fungal diseases: superficial mycoses

A

caused by dermatophytes (fungus living in the skin)

21
Q

fungal diseases: subcutaneous mycoses

A

more serious infection in deeper layers of the skin
- travels through the body through lymph channel

22
Q

fungal diseases: systemic mycoses

A

fungal growth in organs of the body after inhaling spores
- antibiotics make it worse
- more serious in immunosuppressed individuals

23
Q

coccidioidomycosis

A

spores enter lungs where they germinate and then rupture, enter the blood stream, and cause lesions on the bones and CNS (meningitis)

24
Q

candidiasis

A

caused by yeast candida albicans and other candida species

25
Q

C albicans

A

dimorphic and can form true mycelium