Eukaryotic cells - Mr M

Question 1

What are the 4 types of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 1

Animals
Fungi
Plants
Protist

Question 2

Describe the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

Series of flattened membranes

Coated with ribosomes

Question 3

What are the flattened membranes that make up the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum called..?

Answer 3

Cisternae

Question 4

What is the difference between the SER and RER?

Answer 4

The RER is covered in ribosomes as its function is to make proteins however the SER is not as its functions is to make lipids.

Question 5

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Answer 5

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Question 6

Structure of the plasma membrane:

What is the plasma membrane made from?

Answer 6

phospholipid bilayer

Question 7

Structure of the plasma membrane:

What do plasma membranes have embedded in them?

Answer 7

Proteins and cholesterol

Question 8

Why does the plasma membrane of cells have proteins embedded in them?

Answer 8

These proteins can act as receptors the cell can respond to its external environment

Question 9

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Answer 9

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Question 10

Structure of the cytoplasm:

What is cytoplasm made up of?

Answer 10

• 70% of the cytoplasm is made up of water.

- The cytoplasm also contains proteins, sugars, ions and fatty acids.

Question 11

What type of reactions take place in the cytoplasm?

Answer 11

Many metabolic reactions take place in the cytoplasm.

Question 12

What is the plasma membrane?

Answer 12

The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that separates the inside of the cell from its environment.

Question 13

Structure of the nuclear envelope:

What are the inner and outer membranes of nuclear envelopes made from?

Answer 13

Phospholipid bilayers.

Question 14

Function of the nuclear envelope:

What do the pores in the nuclear envelope do?

Answer 14

The pores in the nuclear envelope control the passage of ions, molecules and RNA between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm

Question 15

Structure of the nucleus:

What is the nucleoplasm?

Answer 15

semi-solid fluid inside the nucleus,

Question 16

Structure of the nucleus:

Where do we find chromatin and the nucleolus?

Answer 16

Within the nucleoplasm

Question 17

What does RNA join with to form ribosomes?

Answer 17

Proteins

Question 18

Function of mitochondria:

What do mitochondria make via aerobic respiration?

Answer 18

Mitochondria make ATP via aerobic respiration.

Question 19

What is ATP?

Answer 19

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an organic compound that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells.

Question 20

Why do muscles have a high concentration of mitochondria?

Answer 20

Muscle cells have a very high concentration of mitochondria because they are highly active and need a lot of energy to keep the body moving.

Question 21

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Answer 21

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Question 22

Where aren’t chloroplast found?

Answer 22

They are found in plant and algal cells but not in animal or fungal cells.

Question 23

Describe the Golgi apparatus

Answer 23

The Golgi apparatus is a series of flattened membranous sacs.

Question 24

Function of Golgi apparatus

Answer 24

modifies and packages proteins

Question 25

Where do transport vesicles form?

Answer 25

vesicles are made in the golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 26

What is the role of transport vesicles?

Answer 26

to transport proteins and lipids into Golgi apparatus to be modified and packaged.

Question 27

What happens to proteins when they travel through the golgi?

Answer 27

As the proteins and lipids travel through the Golgi, they are sorted, packaged and tagged so that they can be sent to the right place.

Question 28

what do we find in the nucleoplasm ?

Answer 28

chromatin and the nucleolus.

Question 29

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Answer 29

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