Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
Structure of chloroplasts
- thylakoid - contain chlorophyll(disc)
- chloroplast envelope - double membrane(selective)
- multiple thylakoid = granum
3 functions of lysozymes
Function 1:
- hydrolise cell wall of bacteria
Function 2:
- Release enzymes outside of cell to destroy material around it (exocytosis)
Function 3:
- digest worn out and dead cells (autolysis)
Structure of different parts of the nucleus
Nucleoplasm - Jelly-like substance, contains chromosomes
Nuclear envelope - double-membrane
Nucleolus - Contains DNA and protein
Nuclear pores - allows large molecules out of the nucleus(MRNA)
Lysosomes
- Formed when golgi vesicles contain enzymes
- They are a type of golgi vesicle
- Contained lysozymes -> type of digestive enzymes
Structure of the mitochondria
- Cristae - Provides a large surface area
- Matrix - Proteins, lipids, ribosomes and DNA
- Double Membrane -controls what goes in and out
80S Ribosome
- eukaryotic cells 25nm in diameter
Function of mitochondrion
- site of aerobic respiration which produces ATP
Vacuole
Keep cell rigid
-> contain cell sap - sugar and salt
-> Membrane is called tonoplast
Vacuole
Keep cell rigid
-> contain cell sap - sugar and salt
-> Membrane is called tonoplast
70S Ribosomes
- Found in prkaryotic cells, mitochondira and chloroplasts
Cell wall
- made of cellulose
- strengthens cell maintains structure
-> prevents bursting by osmosis - cellulose is also called polysaccharide
- lamella is inbetween cell wall and membrane
- For fungal cells - cell wall is made up of chitin
Rough ER
- Covered in ribosomes
- Large SA- for protein synthesis
- Pathway for the transportation of proteins
Function of nucleus
- Contains genetic material
- Acts as a control centre(MRNA + RNA)
Function of chloroplasts
Where photosynthesis occurs - so plants can make food
structure/purpose of granum and stroma
-Granum = provides a large surface area
-Stroma = fluid like matrix
