Carbohydrates and monosaccharides Flashcards
1
Q
What makes up non-reducing sugars?
A
Other dissacharides e.g. sucrose.
2
Q
Test for Reducing Sugars
A
- Grind up and dissolve in test tube
- Heat sample with benedicts’ solution
- If there is reducing sugar solution will turn brick red
- If there is no reducing sugars solution will remain blue
- conc of suguar is determined by colour
-> green- yellow - orange - brick red
3
Q
How is a carbohydrate formed?
A
When carbon is combined with water.
4
Q
What is beta glucose used for?
A
Cellulose for the plant wall.
5
Q
What reactions are used to make a break polymers?
A
Condensation Reaction - Two molecules combine to form a more complex molecule with the removal of water.
Hydrolysis - Larger molecules are broken down into smaller molecules witht he addition of water.
6
Q
Test for Non-Reducing sugars
A
- New sample is heated with hydrochloric acid in order to break down any disaccharides into monosaccharides
- Sodium hydrogencarbonate is added to neutralise sample
- Heated with benedicts’ solution
- Brick red precipitate indicates presence of sugar and blue means no non-reducing sugar is present
7
Q
How is alpha glucose stored?
A
- Starch in plants
- Glycogen for humans
8
Q
What makes up reducing sugars?
A
All monosaccharides and some disaccharides (e.g. maltose and lactose)
9
Q
General formumla of monosaccharide
A
CnH2nOn
