Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Flashcards
What can organisms be?
Prokaryotes or eukaryotes
What are prokaryotic organisms?
Prokaryotic cells (single-celled organisms) are smaller and simpler, e.g bacteria
What are eukaryotic organisms?
Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells
What are organelles and what contains them?
They are parts of cells, each one has a specific function and both types of cells (Eukaryotic and prokaryotic) contain them
How many organelles do animals and plant cells have in common and what are they?
4 organelles - Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Mitochondria and Cell-surface membrane
What organelles do only plant cells have and how many?
3 extra organelles - Rigid cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts
Nucleus?
Contains genetic material (DNA) that controls what the cell does
Cytoplasm?
Donations enzymes that speed up biochemical reactions
Cell-surface membrane?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
Mitochondria?
here glucose and oxygen are used in respiration to provide a source of energy for the cell
Rigid cell wall?
Made of cellulose and gives the cell support
Vacuole?
Contains cell sap - a weak solution of sugar and salts
Chloroplasts?
Contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis. Found in green parts of plants, e.g leaves and stem
Size of prokaryotes?
Roughly a tenth of the size of eukaryotic cells
What do prokaryotic cells not contain?
A nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplasts
