Eukaryotes And Prokaryotes

Question 1

What are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 1

• Cells which ALL have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus
• All animals, plants, fungi and protista are eukaryotes

Question 2

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 2

• a single cell organism
• e.g. bacteria
• have a cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall, but cell wall does not contain cellulose
• genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus, instead the bacterial chromosome is a single DNA loop found free in the cytoplasm
• may also contain extra small rings of DNA called plasmids
• plasmids code for very specific features, such as antibiotic resistance

Question 3

Slime capsule

Answer 3

Some bacteria have a protective slime capsule around the outside of the cell wall.
• some types have at least one flagellum - a long protein strand that lashes about
• use flagella to move themselves around

Question 4

Size of prokaryotic cells

Answer 4

1 um

Question 5

Size of eukaryotic cells

Answer 5

10 um to 100um

Question 6

Orders of magnitudes

Answer 6

• used to make comparisons between numbers/objects
• x 10 bigger = one order of magnitude