B7 - Non-Communicable Diseases

Question 1

What is a non-communicable disease?

Answer 1

• cannot be transferred between organisms

Question 2

BMI calc

Answer 2

Mass in kg/(height in m)squared

Question 3

Alcohol

Answer 3

• ethanol from alcohol is absorbed into the blood
• tries to pass in body tissue - eg brain, therefore affects nervous system
• makes reactions slower
• can lead to lack of consciousness or death

Question 4

Liver damage

Answer 4

• filters/processes things in the blood
• if you drink a lot, liver cells will die and can’t process substances as well
• liver scarring
• cirrhosis- permanent liver damage
• loses ability to repair and regenerate cells

Question 5

Alcohol when pregnant

Answer 5

• reduces birth weight
• during first 3 months increases risk of miscarriage
• tend to do less well in school
• can cause fetal alcohol syndrome - small head, thin upper lip, low nasal hedge bridge

Question 6

Recommended amount of alcohol

Answer 6

14 units per week

Question 7

Main chemicals in smoking

Answer 7

• tar
• arsenic
• acetane
• lead
• ammonia
• carbon monoxide

Question 8

Risk of smoking

Answer 8

• over 69 chemicals known to cause cancer
• tiny particles build up in the lungs and irritate them
• narrows arteries to the heart - decreases oxygen supply
• induced risk of cancer, heart disease and strokes
• plaque blocks large arteries in arms/legs
• cilia are damaged and mucus stays in lungs - cilia stops working
• carbon monoxide - red blood cells don’t have enough O2