Ethnocentrism and Racism

Question 1

A race is people with a common set of “?”

Answer 1

physical characteristics

Question 2

Racism is based on “?” differences than on “?” differences.

Answer 2

Physical than cultural

Question 3

Racism is “?2” about people, usually negatively because of their “?”, commonly a basis of ? against members of racial minority groups

Answer 3

Stereotyping and generalizing
race
discrimination

Question 4

Prejudice is a combination of stereotyped “?” and negative “?” so that prejudiced individuals think about people in a “?3” way, without “?”

Answer 4

beliefs
attitudes
predetermined negative, categorical way.
proof

Question 5

Discrimination is “?” and “?” of people based on identifiable characteristics such as race, gender, religion or ethnicity.

Answer 5

prejudgment and negative treatment

Question 6

Ethnic group is a distinct group of people who share common “?”, set of “?”, “5?”

Answer 6

common language
set of customs
history
culture
race
religion
origin

Question 7

Ethnocentrism is an orientation or set of beliefs that holds one’s own “?3” is superior to others.

Answer 7

culture
ethnic or racial group
nation

Question 8

Merton’s 4 different types of people in terms of prejudice

Answer 8

Unprejudiced non-discriminator
Unprejudiced discriminator
Prejudiced non-discriminator
Prejudiced discriminator

Question 9

2 types of discrimination:

legal discrimination such as Jim Crow laws

Answer 9

De jure discrimination

Question 10

2 types of discrimination:

Discrimination that actually exists, whether legal or not.

Answer 10

De facto discrimination

Question 11

Oppression:
The social act of placing severe “?” on a group or institution by a government or political organization in power. It is the “? or ?” exercise of authority or power.

Answer 11

restrictions

unjust or cruel

Question 12

Oppression and discrimination are closely related because?

Answer 12

all acts of oppression are also acts of discrimination

Question 13

Stereotypes:
“?” and relatively “?” ideas about an individual, group, or social status. These ideas are usually based on “?” characteristics or overgeneralizations of traits observed in some members of the group

Answer 13

Preconceived and relative fixed

superficial

Question 14

Stereotypes are closely related to the way we think, because we seek to perceive and understand things in “?”.

Answer 14

categories

Question 15

Minority:
a group or a member of a group of people of a distinct “adjunct?” identify that is smaller or less powerful than the community’s controlling group.

Answer 15

racial, religious, ethnic or political identify

Question 16

Examples of white privilege

Answer 16

Shopping
Driving
Housing
School material about Whites
Easier time at banks
Never asked to speak out for all
More confidence in police
Easier access to medical care

Question 17

Institutional racism:

Discriminatory acts and policies against a racial group that pervade “?” of society, such as?

Answer 17

major macro systems

ex. legal, political, economic, and educational system
(example: schools in white neighborhoods generally have better facilities and more highly trained teachers)

Question 18

Individual racism:

the negative attitudes one person has about “?”

Answer 18

all members of a racial group

Question 19

Institutional discrimination:

prejudicial treatment in organizations based on “?”

Answer 19

official policies
overt behaviors
covert but approved by those with power

Question 20

African americans compose only ?% of population but ?% of the prison population.

Answer 20

12/50

Question 21

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination:
1. psychological defense mechanism in which one attributes to others characteristics that one is unwilling to recognize in one self.

Answer 21

projection (ex. you see african americans as lazy when you are concerned of your laziness)

Question 22

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination:

Frustration and aggression - some frustrated people displace their anger and aggression onto ?”

Answer 22

scapegoat

Question 23

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination:

Desire to counter feelings of “?2”.

Answer 23

insecurity or inferiority

Question 24

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination:

?” personality (inflexible and rigid personality)

Answer 24

authoritarian

Question 25

The authoritarian personality views members of minority groups as "?" and degrades them.

Answer 25

unconventional

Question 26

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination: | History of "?"

Answer 26

conquering and enslaving

Question 27

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination: Competition and Exploitation - dominant group know they are treating the subordinates as inferior so to justify the discrimination,, they develop an ideology that "?"

Answer 27

their group is superior and have right to have more rights and goods.

Question 28

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination: | Prejudice is learned phenomenon and is transmitted from generation to generation through "?".

Answer 28

socialization processes.

Question 29

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination: | Prejudice due to belief in '?" religion

Answer 29

one true religion

Question 30

Sources of Prejudice and Discrimination: | The belief and promotion of the belief that white people are superior to people of other racial backgrounds.

Answer 30

White supremacy

Question 31

``` NASW position: Social workers should act to prevent and eliminate ? of, ? of, and ? against any person, group, or class on the basis of race, ethnicity, national origin, color, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, political belief, religion, or mental or physical capacity ```

Answer 31

domination of, exploitation of, and discrimination

Question 32

Intersectionality of Multiple Factors: Classical models of oppression within society do not act independently of one another. instead, these forms of oppression "?v", creating a system of oppression that reflects the "?" of multiple forms of discrimination.

Answer 32

interrelate | intersection

Question 33

Intersectionality is a theory to analyze how "?" and "?" categories intertwine.

Answer 33

social and cultural categories

Question 34

African Americans: | Slaves were prohibited from practicing and developing their "4?".

Answer 34

art language religion family life

Question 35

African Americans: | After the Civil War, a rigid caste system in the South hardened into a system of oppression known as ?"

Answer 35

Jim Crow laws

Question 36

African Americans: | US Supreme court decision that ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.

Answer 36

Brown v. Board of Education in 1954

Question 37

5 strengths identified by National Urban League that African American families have. - Strong "?" bonds - Strong "?" 3 orientation - Adaptability of "?" roles

Answer 37

- Strong kinship bonds - strong work orientation - Strong achievement orientation - strong religious orientation - Adaptability of family role

Question 38

Effects of discrimination on development of self-concept: A positive self-concept is a key element in school "?", in positive social "?", and in emotional, social and intellectual "?".

Answer 38

school achievement interactions with others growth

Question 39

Effects of discrimination on development of self-concept: | The predominant system in shaping one's self-concept is -

Answer 39

one's immediate environment (family support)

Question 40

African culture and expressions of African beliefs, values, institutions and behaviors are acknowledged in this perspective.

Answer 40

Afrocentric perspective

Question 41

The Afrocentric perspective asserts that the use of "?" of human behavior to explain the behavior and ethos of African Americans is often inappropriate.

Answer 41

Eurocentric theories

Question 42

The Afrocentric perspective seeks to dispel the negative distortions about people of African ancestry by legitimizing and disseminating a "?" that goes back thousands of years and that exists in the hearts and minds of many people of African descent today.

Answer 42

worldview

Question 43

The Afrocentric perspective seeks to promote a world view that will facilitate human and societal transformation toward "3?" ends.

Answer 43

moral, spiritual, and humanistic ends.

Question 44

The Afrocentric perspective emphasizes a collective identity that encourages ?

Answer 44

sharing, cooperation and social responsibility.

Question 45

The Afrocentric perspective emphasizes the importance of "?", which includes moral development and attaining meaning and identity in life. It views the major sources of human problems in the US as being "?".

Answer 45

Spirituality | oppression and alienation

Question 46

The Afrocentric perspective (theory): Oppression and alienation are generated not only by "?" but also by a worldview that teaches people to see themselves primarily as "?" seeking immediate pleasure.

Answer 46

prejudice and discrimination material, physical being

Question 47

The Afrocentric perspective (Theory): | Violent crimes by youths are thought to be a result of the limited "?" that they have to advance themselves "adv?".

Answer 47

options and choices | economically

Question 48

The Afrocentric perspective (Theory): | It values a more "?" view of human beings.

Answer 48

holistic, spiritual, and optimistic view

Question 49

Community Strategies to promote social and economic justice: Prejudice is likely to subside when individuals are placed in situations in which they share characteristics in "?" matters.

Answer 49

nonracial and nonethnic matters (ex. co-workers, classmates)

Question 50

Ethnic-Sensitive practice: This model incorporate understanding of diverse "?" groups into the theories and principles that guide social work practice.

Answer 50

ethnic, cultural, and minority groups

Question 51

``` Ethnic-Sensitive practice: this is based on the view that practice must be attuned to the "?" related to clients' ethnic group membership and social-class position. ```

Answer 51

values and dispositions

Question 52

Ethnic-Sensitive practice: This practice requires that SW have an "?" of the effects of oppression on racial and ethnic groups.

Answer 52

in-depth understanding

Question 53

Ethnic-Sensitive practice: | The concept that all people are a part of two systems.

Answer 53

dual perspective | 1. society 2. family and community

Question 54

Ethnic-Sensitive practice: the dual perspective asserts that the adverse consequences of an oppressive society on the self-concept of a person of color/minority group can be partially offset by "?".

Answer 54

the nurturing system (family and community)

Question 55

Ethnic-Sensitive practice: SW have a special obligation to be "?" and to seek to "?" the oppression experienced by ethnic groups.

Answer 55

obligation to be aware of and to seek to redress

Question 56

Ethnic-Sensitive practice: It assumes that "?" is most important. Traditional "?" may not be appropriate for some ethnic minority women as they wish to progress.

Answer 56

present | traditional gender role

Question 57

3 concepts that are emphasized in Ethnic-sensitive practice:

Answer 57

Empowerment Strengths perspective Culturally competent practice

Question 58

Empowerment counters "?" with positive one and emphasize the "?" of each group member to influence the conditions of his/her life.

Answer 58

negative images | the ability

Question 59

Empowerment counters "?" with the belief that each person is able to address problems competently, beginning with a "?" of the self.

Answer 59

hopelessness and powerlessness a positive view of the self

Question 60

Empowerment counters oppression and poverty by helping members of ethnic groups increase their ability to make and implement "?".

Answer 60

basic life decisions

Question 61

In order to become culturally competent, social workers need to 1. become aware of culture and its "?"

Answer 61

pervasive influence

Question 62

In order to become culturally competent, social workers need to 2. learn about "?"

Answer 62

own and other culture

Question 63

In order to become culturally competent, social workers need to 3. recognize their own "?"

Answer 63

ethnocentricity

Question 64

In order to become culturally competent, social workers need to 4. acquire "?" about the clients

Answer 64

cultural knowledge

Question 65

In order to become culturally competent, social workers need to 5. adapt social work skills and intervention approaches to ? of the cultures of these clients.

Answer 65

the needs and styles

Question 66

10 standards for cultural competence in social work practice (NASW)

Answer 66

1. Ethics and Values 2. Self-Awareness 3. Cross-Cultural knowledge 4. Cross-Cultural skills 5. Service Delivery 6. Empowerment and Advocacy 7. Diverse Workforce 8. Professional Education 9. Language Diverstiy 10. Cross-Cultural leadership

Question 67

Learning about clients of different cultures: Crucial questions What kinds of "?" are likely to lead to the development of a relationship?

Answer 67

communications and actions

Question 68

Learning about clients of different cultures: Crucial questions: What are ? ways of providing help?

Answer 68

culturally acceptable ways

Question 69

A strong sense of masculine pride valued among Chicano men.

Answer 69

Machismo

Question 70

The belief that the family takes precedence over the individual.

Answer 70

Familism

Question 71

Examples of Natural support systems of Chicanos

Answer 71

Extended family Folk healers religious institutions Merchant and social clubs

Question 72

Techniques of Intervention: | Social workers should seek to use their own "?" and avoid the temptation to adopt the client's "?"

Answer 72

patterns of communication | accent, vocabulary, or speech

Question 73

Techniques of Intervention: A SW with an urban background who has a job in a small rural community needs to live his personal life in a way that is consistent with ?

Answer 73

community values and standards

Question 74

Techniques of Intervention: examps of community values

Answer 74

``` Religious beliefs and patterns of expression Dating and marriage patterns Values toward animals Political beliefs Sexual mores ```

Question 75

Techniques of Intervention: In initial meetings with adult clients of diverse racial and ethnic groups, use "?"

Answer 75

formality (title, full name, show ID, etc)

Question 76

Techniques of Intervention: | Native Americans place a high value on the principle of "?"

Answer 76

self-determination

Question 77

Techniques of Intervention: In establishing rapport with members of groups that have suffered from racial oppression, "?" should be sought in which there is mutual respect and mutual sharing of information.

Answer 77

a peer relationship

Question 78

Social workers roles in ending racial discrimination: They can be "?" for equal treatment for those who are being oppressed. They can be "?" of societal conditions that result in institutional racism and then be "?" for the development of programs to counter such racism.

Answer 78

advocates analysts advocates

Question 79

Social workers roles in ending racial discrimination: They can be "?" of action by seeking to inform social service systems and the political systems of social injustices and then advocating for changes in policies and programs.

Answer 79

initiators

Question 80

Social workers roles in ending racial discrimination: They can fulfill an "?" role by giving information on options to counter oppression. They can serve as "?" by seeking to have these organizations form a coalition in which they work together in some organized manner to effect change.

Answer 80

educator integrators/coordinators

Question 81

Social workers roles in ending racial discrimination: They work as "?" to help individuals and small groups to problem-solve personal concerns related to being victimized by oppression and discrimination. They can be "?" by linking oppressed client systems with needed resources.

Answer 81

counselor | brokers

Question 82

Future of race relations:3 possible patterns of intergroup relations. 1. this relation assumes the desirability of maintaining modified English institutions, language, and culture as the dominant standard in American life.

Answer 82

Anglo-conformity (=assimilation)

Question 83

Future of race relations:3 possible patterns of intergroup relations. 2. This relation vies the future American society not as a modified England but rather as a totally new blend, both culturally and biologically, of all the various groups that inhibit the US.

Answer 83

melting pot

Question 84

Future of race relations:3 possible patterns of intergroup relations. 3. A series of coexisting groups, each preserving its own tradition and culture but each loyal to an overarching American nation.

Answer 84

Cultural pluralism

Question 85

Hate crimes have been added to "?" in nearly every state. | It is aimed at individuals or groups of a particular "5".

Answer 85

penal codes | race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or gender

Question 86

When members of a minority group are treated by the majority group as if they are inferior, second-class citizens, it is substantially more difficult for such members to develop "?"

Answer 86

positive identity

Question 87

Young children of groups who are the victims of discrimination are likely to develop "?" at at early age.

Answer 87

low self-esteem

Question 88

A "?" system: Circular feedback process that exhibits properties such as stability, predictability, and identity that are common to all systems. This particular system threatens "?" and reinforces problematic responses in "3?".

Answer 88

Victim system self-esteem community, families, and individuals