ethnicity and crime

Question 1

how many black people per 1000 were stop and searched compared to white people in 2020?

Answer 1

52.6 black people compared with 7.5 white people.

Question 2

what % of the population is black?

Answer 2

4%

Question 3

who is most likely to get the longest sentence for the same crime?

Answer 3

black people.

Question 4

who talks about the myth of black criminality?

Answer 4

gilroy.

Question 5

what is the myth of black criminality?

Answer 5

stereotype built by media about black men being criminals, affecting how they have been treated by police.

Question 6

what does gilroy say about crime being proto-political?

Answer 6

struggles taught black people how to resist oppression in colonies eg riots. this is now criminalised by british state. crime is a political struggle.

Question 7

ao3 of gilroy?

Answer 7

romanticises crime in which the poor are usually the victims, not really fighting capitalism.
most crime is intra-ethnic.

Question 8

what do left realists say about crime rates regarding ethnicity?

Answer 8

they are accurate - EMs commit more crime due to relative depravation, marginalisation and subcultures.

Question 9

what do right realists say about crime rates regarding ethnicity?

Answer 9

they are accurate - EMs commit more crime due to underclass/family structures.

Question 10

what does new criminology say about crime rates regarding ethnicity?

Answer 10

they are inaccurate - EMs don’t commit more crime.
institutional racism, canteen culture, labelling.

Question 11

what does the Lammy review talk about?

Answer 11

EMs have a lack of trust for lawyers, police, CJS.
EM less likely to plead guilty making sentences longer.
often ‘secondary party’ who doesn’t actually take part but still punished, can lead to getting added to gang matrix list.

Question 12

what does Hall et al say about ethnicity and crime?

Answer 12

crisis of hegemony and economic recession led to civil unrest.
moral panic was caused over black muggers, serving interests of capitalism. black men were scapegoat distracting from real issue of unemployment. divided w/c - weakening opposition and consent for harsher rule eg stop and search.

Question 13

what is a crisis of hegemony?

Answer 13

british people beginning to reject gov’s authority and high cost of living led to strikes and demonstrations.

Question 14

ao3 of hall et al?

Answer 14

inconsistent - suggests black street crime isn’t rising but then says it is rising due to unemployment.
lea and young say black criminality is a problem and should be addressed.

Question 15

what does the macpherson report talk about?

Answer 15

described police as institutionally racist and handled stephen lawrence’s death terrribly. accused dwaynne brooks because he was black.

Question 16

what does the casey review talk about?

Answer 16

issues in london metropolitan police force as lack of diversity and representativeness. hostile culture towards minorities.
overpolicing EMs and stop ad searches disproportionate.

Question 17

who talks about canteen culture?

Answer 17

reiner.

Question 18

what is canteen culture?

Answer 18

police hold suspicions and mistrust around EMs encouraging racist stereotypes. labelling certain groups as ‘trouble’.

Question 19

what did mawby and batta find about south asian criminality?

Answer 19

even in w/c inner city areas, crime rates very low and minor due to izzat culture and family honour.

Question 20

what does desai talk about?

Answer 20

bengali badboy- 2nd and 3rd generation asian young men rebel against parents’ conformity which is acceptance of racism and inferiority.

Question 21

what may be another reason for asian criminality being lower than black?

Answer 21

more likely to be religious and cope with disadvantage and discrimination.

Question 22

what are lea and young’s 3 key reasons for black criminality?

Answer 22

relative depravation
marginalisation
subculture

Question 23

describe relative depravation.

Answer 23

higher level of unemployment and blocked opportunities led to crime as materialistic values are internalised.

Question 24

describe marginalisation.

Answer 24

sense of powerlessness and lack of representation in gov meaning frustrations are vented through crime rathe than politicial channels.

Question 25

describe subcultures (lea and young)

Answer 25

response to marginilastion ad cultural dep. subcultures offer alternative status for exaple gangs.

Question 26

a03 for lea and young?

Answer 26

ignores non-criminal subcultures such as pentecostal chrisitianity which can form.

Question 27

what did fitzgerald say about neighbourhoods?

Answer 27

EMs more likely to live in poor areas due to racial discrim in job/house market.
crime highest in very poor areas.

Question 28

ao3 f fitzgerald?

Answer 28

white people are also affected by these factors so ethnicity not necessarily a direct factor.

Question 29

what is moral panic and folk devils?

Answer 29

media creates fear of a particular group and then who this group is.

Question 30

why would dennis and erdos believe black people are more criminal?

Answer 30

stereotypically, less likely to have a father figure and so therefore not properly socialised and so commit crime.