Ethnic Inequality - 20 marker Flashcards
Identify the 2 areas of life in which ethnic inequality occurs.
1) Education
2) The workplace
Give a piece of evidence for ethnic inequality in education - 1a.
Indian students have a 1.28 rate of fixed period exclusion compared to 10.84 of Black Caribbean students.
- School Census (2010)
Identify a supporting sociologist for ethnic inequality in education - 1a.
Waterhouse (2004) found a deviant label changes how teachers interact with pupils, regarding them more negatively.
Give an explanation for evidence 1a of ethnic inequality in education.
Stereotypes of Black Caribbean include aggression which would allocate this label to them that their teachers would be aware of an internalise. In doing so a self-fulfilling prophecy would occur in that the teachers would interpret the pupil’s behaviours to conform to the label which would ultimately lead to this behaviour.
How does evidence 1a explain ethnic inequality in education.
This therefore shows ethnic inequality for Black Caribbeans as they receive unjust treatment by teachers in education due to institutional racism that may lead to reduced educational attainment compared to their other ethnic counterparts.
Give a piece of evidence for ethnic inequality in education - 1b.
33% of White British pupils achieve an average attainment score of 8 compared to 61% of Chinese pupils at state-funded schools.
- Key Stage 4 Attainment Data (2016)
Identify a supporting sociologist for ethnic inequality in education - 1b.
Heidi Fung (1999) defined ‘tiger parenting’ as a specific type of Asian parenting that would involve pressuring children to do better when failing to perform
Give an explanation for evidence 1b of ethnic inequality in education.
Chinese families have higher expectations of their children due to valuing prosperity and success compared to the values of White British families. This is why Asian pupils a commonly known for going into medical professions such as dentistry due to high success and not wanting to shame their families.
How does evidence 1b explain ethnic inequality in education.
This difference in cultural values creates inequality due to it advantaging certain ethnicities through socialisation that other ethnicities will not have access to, for example working class White British boys often have lone parent households that will dispose itself to a different type of socialisation.
Give a piece of evidence for ethnic inequality in the workplace - 2a.
White ethnic groups (aged 16-64) make up 77% of employment compared to 11% for Black Caribbeans.
- Census (2011)
Identify a supporting sociologist for ethnic inequality in the workplace - 2a.
Deitch (2003) argues that discrimination against ethnic minorities continues to be a problem when hiring/applying for the same jobs as the White population.
Give an explanation for evidence 2a of ethnic inequality in the workplace.
Functionalist Sheila Patterson (1965) put forward the concept of the host-immigrant model which describes a ‘culture clash’ due to hostility from the White population (the host culture) being a result of fear that ethnic minorities are ‘stealing’ resources which causes competition.
How does evidence 2a explain ethnic inequality in the workplace.
This shows ethnic inequality as minorities are experiencing prejudice due to being viewed as outsiders competing for resources.
Give a piece of evidence for ethnic inequality in the workplace - 2b.
The median pay for Bangladeshi men is £9 per hour compared to £13 for White British men.
- Equality and Human Rights Commission (2017)
Identify a supporting sociologists for ethnic inequality in the workplace - 2b.
Miles (1989) from the Marxist perspective argues that institutional racism from stereotypes originating from British colonial past causes discrimination.
