Ethnic Differences: External Flashcards
1
Q
Cultural deprivation theorists
A
- Children from low-income black families lack intellectual stimulation, so haven’t developed problem-solving skills.
- Black children are socialised to be fatalistic.
- Failure to socialise children adequately is a result of a dysfunctional family structure.
- However, C.D theorists ignore positive effects, e.g. black Caribbean families provide girls with a positive role model: strong, independent women.
2
Q
Engelmann
A
- Language spoken by low-income black American families is inadequate for educational success.
- Ungrammatical; disjointed.
3
Q
Sewell
A
- Black boys speaking in Standard English were seen as ‘selling out’ to the white establishment.
- Absence of fatherly nurturing means black boys turn to street gangs that offer ‘perverse loyalty + love’ - anti-school black masculinity.
4
Q
OFSTED
A
- EaL were only 3.2 points behind in GCSEs.
- Gillborn + Mirza: Indian pupils do well despite English not being their home language.
5
Q
Scruton
A
Low achievement in EM due to failing to embrace British culture.
6
Q
McCulloch
A
EM students are more likely to aspire to go to university.
7
Q
Moynihan
A
Black families headed by lone mothers are deprived of adequate care because she is struggling financially without a man.
8
Q
Murray
A
High levels of lone parenthood + lack of positive male role models leads to underachievement of some minorities.
9
Q
Pryce
A
- Asians are higher achievers as their culture is more resistant to racism; black Caribbean culture is less resistant, leading to low self-esteem.
- Lawrence: underachieve due to racism, not low self-esteem.
10
Q
Arnot
A
Ultra-tough ghetto superstar through rap lyrics.
11
Q
Lupton
A
Adult authority in Asian families is similar to a teacher.
12
Q
Keddie
A
EM children are culturally different, schools are ethnocentric - biased in favour of white culture + against minorities.
13
Q
Palmer
A
- Low income + substandard housing.
- ½ of all EM children live in low-income households; ¼ white.
- EM are 2x likely to be unemployed compared to whites.
- EM households are 3x likely to be unemployed.
- ½ Bangladeshi + Pakistan worker earn <£7 per hour; ¼ white British.
14
Q
Material Deprivation
A
- Live in economically depressed areas with high unemployment + low wages.
- Lack of language skills + foreign qualifications not recognised by the UK.
- Racial discrimination in the labour + housing market (Rex).
15
Q
Material Deprivation: Asian families
A
- Indian pupils - above average achievements come from better-off backgrounds, e.g. ethnic group most likely to attend private schools.
- Indian + Chinese materially deprived students do better than most: 86% of Chinese girls on FSM achieved 5+ grades on GCSE; 65% not receiving FSM.
