ethnic competition to dominate nationality: the horn of africa

Question 1

why do ethnicities clash

Answer 1

compete in civil wars to dominate national identity

division of ethnicities among more than one state

Question 2

example of region plagued with ethnic conflict

Answer 2

subsaharan africa

Question 3

horn of africa/ central afri ca

Answer 3

particularily brutal conflicts btwn ethnic groups

Question 4

horn of africa

Answer 4

djibouti

and severe conflicts in:
ethiopia
eritrea
somalia

Question 5

ethiopia vs eritrea

Answer 5

eritrea became italian colony in 1890
ethiopia was acaptured by italy 1930

ethiopia regained its independence and United nations awarded eritrea to ethiopia.

ethiopia disslolved eritrean legislature and banned their language (Tigrinya)
eritrea rebelled in a 30 yr fight until 1991 whe neritrea defeated ethiopia

1998 more conflict b/c of borders. ethiopia won

Question 6

eritrea nationality

Answer 6

5 million pop split btwn christian and muslim

ethnic hroups : Tigrinya and Tigre

strong national identity cuz shared experiences in 30 yr war with ethiopia

Question 7

ethiopia nationality

Answer 7

complex and multiethnic

34% oromo (fundamentailsts in South)
27% amhara

Question 8

sudan conflicts

Answer 8

civil wars since 1980s btwn arabmuslim govnt in North and ethnicities in South west east

Question 9

sudan south conflcit

Answer 9

black christian and animist ethnicities resist govt attempt to convert country into one nationality tied to muslim traditions

north south civil war made south sudan

Question 10

west sudan conflicts

Answer 10

black muslim ethnic groups in Darfur region in west sudan fight aGINST GOVNT OF SUDAN 2003

US considers mass murder of civilians by sudanese troops genocide

Question 11

east sudan conflict

Answer 11

ethnicities on east fron fight govnt 2004-2006 with eritrea support

problems over profits from oil ^

Question 12

somalia problems

Answer 12

overwhelming sunni muslim
speak somali

many share the sense that somalia is a nation state

pop divided into clans (ethnic groups ) that is divided into subclans.

when the dictatorship collaspsed, 1991, subclans claimes control over portions of country

somaliland-North
puntland- northeast
galmudun-center
southwestern somalia- south

USA sent troops,. islamists took control 2004-6, neighboring countries were drawn in. eritrea and islamists, ethiopiaand USA against islamists

Question 13

somalia problems

Answer 13

overwhelming sunni muslim
speak somali

many share the sense that somalia is a nation state

pop divided into clans (ethnic groups ) that is divided into subclans.

when the dictatorship collaspsed, 1991, subclans claimes control over portions of country

somaliland-North
puntland- northeast
galmudun-center
southwestern somalia- south

USA sent troops,. islamists took control 2004-6, neighboring countries were drawn in. eritrea and islamists, ethiopiaand USA against islamists