Ethics - APA Codes

Question 1

Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

Answer 1

Psychologists strive to do no harm.
Psychologists seek to safeguard the **welfare and rights of those with whom they interact professionally and other affected persons, and the welfare of animal subjects of research**.
When conflicts occur attempt to resolve these conflicts in a responsible fashion that avoids or minimizes harm.
Alert to and guard against personal, financial, social, organizational, or political factors that might lead to misuse of their influence.
Be aware of the possible effect of their own physical and mental health

Question 2

Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

Answer 2

Psychologists prioritize the well-being and safety of their clients and other affected parties, as well as animal subjects of research. They aim to resolve conflicts in a responsible manner that minimizes harm. They are cautious of personal, financial, social, organizational, or political factors that may lead to misuse of their influence. Psychologists also **pay attention **to their own physical and mental health, which may affect their ability to help clients.

Question 3

Nonmalfince (1)

Answer 3

Psychologists prioritize the welfare and rights of those they work with, as well as animal subjects of research.

Question 4

Nonmaelficence - Explaination (1)

Answer 4

Non-maleficence: The counselor will not use their knowledge and abilities to harm their client, their family, or any third party. For example, the counselor is not using confidential information for blackmail or manipulation of their clients.

Question 5

Nonmalficence (2)
Conflicts

Answer 5

Conflicts among psychologists’ obligations or concerns are resolved in a responsible manner that avoids or minimizes harm.

Question 6

Nonmalficence (3)
Personal

Answer 6

Personal, financial, social, organizational, or political factors that might lead to misuse of influence are guarded against.

Question 7

Nonmalficence (4)
Own health

Answer 7

Psychologists consider their own physical and mental health, which may impact their ability to help clients.

Question 8

Fidelity and Responsibility

Answer 8

Psychologists establish trust with clients and uphold professional standards. They are responsible to society and their communities, manage conflicts of interest, and consult with other professionals. Psychologists are concerned about colleagues’ ethical compliance and contribute time for little or no compensation.

Question 9

Fidelity and Responsibility (1)

Answer 9

Psychologists establish relationships of trust with clients and uphold professional standards.

Question 10

Fidelity and Responsibility (2)

Answer 10

Psychologists are responsible to society and their specific communities.

Question 11

Fidelity and Responsibility (3)

Answer 11

Conflicts of interest are managed to avoid exploitation or harm.

Question 12

Fidelity and Responsibility (4)

Answer 12

Psychologists consult with and cooperate with other professionals and institutions.

Question 13

Fidelity and Responsibility (5)

Answer 13

Ethical compliance of colleagues’ conduct is a concern.

Question 14

Fidelity and Responsibility (6)

Answer 14

Psychologists contribute professional time for little or no compensation.

Question 15

Integrity

Answer 15

Psychologists promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness in science, teaching, and practice. They avoid stealing, cheating, fraud, and intentional misrepresentation. Psychologists keep promises and avoid unwise or unclear commitments. In cases where deception is necessary, they consider the consequences and their responsibility to correct mistrust or harm.

Question 16

Integrity (1)

Answer 16

Psychologists promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness in their work.

Question 17

Integrity (2)

Answer 17

They avoid stealing, cheating, fraud, and intentional misrepresentation.

Question 18

Integrity (3)

Answer 18

Psychologists keep their promises and avoid unwise or unclear commitments.

Question 19

Integrity (4)

Answer 19

Deception may be justified in some cases to maximize benefits and minimize harm.

Question 20

Integrity (5)

Answer 20

Psychologists consider the consequences and their responsibility to correct mistrust or harm resulting from deception.

Question 21

Justice

Answer 21

Psychologists believe that fairness and justice entitle everyone to access and benefit from psychology. They ensure that potential biases, boundaries of competence, and limitations of expertise do not lead to unjust practices.

Question 22

Justice (1)

Answer 22

Fairness and justice entitle all persons to access and benefit from psychology.

Question 23

Justice (2)

Answer 23

Psychologists exercise reasonable judgment to avoid potential biases and ensure equal quality.

Question 24

Justice (3)

Answer 24

Psychologists take precautions to prevent their biases, competence boundaries, or expertise limitations from leading to unjust practices.

Question 25

Principle E: Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity

Answer 25

Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all people and their right to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination. They recognize the need for special safeguards to protect vulnerable individuals or communities. Psychologists respect cultural, individual, and role differences and eliminate biases based on those factors.

Question 26

Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity

Answer 26

Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all individuals and their right to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination.

Question 27

Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity (1)

Answer 27

Special safeguards may be necessary to protect vulnerable individuals or communities.

Question 28

Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity (2)

Answer 28

Psychologists respect cultural, individual, and role differences and consider these factors when working with members of such groups.

Question 29

Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity (3)

Answer 29

Biases based on factors such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, religion, sexual orientation, disability, language, and socioeconomic status are eliminated.

Question 30

Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity (4)

Answer 30

Psychologists do not knowingly participate in or condone activities based on such prejudices.

Question 31

Autonomy

Answer 31

Autonomy is the respect for a client’s free will.

Question 32

Beneficence and non-maleficence

Answer 32

Beneficence and non-maleficence are the commitment to improve a client’s wellbeing and avoid harming them, respectively.

Question 33

Fidelity

Answer 33

Fidelity is honoring professional commitments.

Question 34

Veracity

Answer 34

Veracity is a commitment to the truth.

Answer 35

Justice is a professional commitment to fair and egalitarian treatment of clients.

Question 36

Self-respect

Answer 36

Self-respect is fostering a sense that the counselor is also entitled to self-care and respect.

Question 37

Putting it into practice…

Answer 37

Is this decision supported by these principles without contradiction?

Question 38

Five steps from Dhai and McQuiod-Mason (2010)
Positive Psychology

Answer 38

1. Formulate the problem
2. Gather information
3. Consult authoritative sources
4. Consider the alternatives
5. Make an ethical assessment

Question 39

Autonomy

Answer 39

Promoting self-determination, or the freedom of clients to be self-governing within their social and cultural framework.

Question 40

Nonmaleficence

Answer 40

Avoiding doing harm, which includes refraining from actions that riskhurting clients, either intentionally or unintentionally.

Question 41

Beneficence

Answer 41

Doing good for others and promoting the well-being of clients.

Question 42

Justice

Answer 42

Providing fair and equal treatment to all people and treating others justly.

Question 43

Fidelity

Answer 43

Making realistic promises and honoring these commitments to clients.

Question 44

Veracity

Answer 44

Being truthful and dealing honestly with clients