Ethics and deviance-drugs and doping

Question 1

What are ethics?

Answer 1

The principles that govern behaviour in life or sport

Question 2

What is deviance?

Answer 2

The breaking of rules and norms that is considered unethical

Question 3

Give examples of legal supplements to maximise training and performance (that aren’t deviant)

Answer 3

Sports drinks
Vitamins and minerals 
Creatine
Protein shakes 
Bicarbonate
Caffeine

Question 4

Give 3 advantages of legal supplements

Answer 4

Can improve general health and well-being
Can improve strength, stamina, rehydration and recovery
Can provide energy or replenish phosphocreatine stores (allowing more training and improve performance in high intensity activity-bicarbonate and creatine aimed at this)

Question 5

Give 4 disadvantages of legal supplements

Answer 5

Some claims that the level of performance enhancement is based on questionable research
Little known about long term effects on health
Some may have ingredients included that are banned-accidental consumption
Some argue it’s cheating- against the spirit of the sport

Question 6

What are PED’s?

Answer 6

Illegal enhancing drugs-(deviant)

Question 7

Is the use of PED’s in the UK a criminal offence?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

Give examples of illegal supplements to maximise training and performance (that are deviant)

Answer 8

Anabolic steroids 
Beta blockers 
Stimulants 
Human growth hormone 
EPO
Blood doping 
Diuretics

Question 9

What do anabolic steroids do?

Answer 9

Allow harder and longer training causing increased strength and aggression

Question 10

What do beta blockers do?

Answer 10

Control heart rate and keep athlete calm

Question 11

What do stimulants do?

Answer 11

Increase alertness

Question 12

What does the human growth hormone do?

Answer 12

Increases lean body mass and decreases the fat mass

Question 13

What is the EPO and what does it do?

Answer 13

Hormone that stimulates red blood cell production increasing endurance

Question 14

What is blood doping and what does it do?

Answer 14

A procedure involving the removal then at a later stage the re-injection of blood in an attempt to increase red blood cell count and endurance levels

Question 15

Give some reasons why elite athletes may use illegal drugs/doping

Answer 15

To improve performance eg. decrease recovery time from injury or steady nerves 
To win at all costs-LOMBARDIAN ETHIC 
Fame and fortune 
Peer pressure 
Don’t understand dangers/side effects 
Mistake
Poor role models 
Believing they need to level the playing field

Question 16

What is the Lombardian ethic?

Answer 16

A win at all costs attitude

Question 17

Give examples of strategies used to stop the use of illegal drugs/doping

Answer 17

Stricter punishments 
Regular/stricter drug tests 
Coordinated actions of WADA, UKAD and NGB’s
Biological passport 
Increased funding for research 
Education-‘name and shame’
Positive role models 
Legalise them to stop deviant behaviour

Question 18

What does WADA and UKAD stand for?

Answer 18

World anti-doping agency

UK anti-doping

Question 19

What is an athlete biological passport?

Answer 19

An individual electronic record for individual athletes, to profile levels of biological substances over time to show any irregularities

Question 20

Give some consequences of using illegal drug/doping to society

Answer 20

Negative publicity

Different criminal prosecution in countries

Question 21

Give some consequences of using illegal drug/doping to sport

Answer 21

Bad reputation
Takes away from clean athletes
Meaningless results/records as a result
Negative role models

Question 22

Give some consequences of using illegal drug/doping to performers

Answer 22

Fame and fortune 
Punishments 
Bad reputation 
Isolation from peers 
Health issues