20th Century Britain Flashcards
What is the time period of this era?
1900-1999
What were the characteristics of the social classes (amateurism+professionalism) at this time?
Class divide still existed-became less obvious as the century progressed
How were sport and pastimes shaped by social class (amateurism+professionalism)?
Examples?
Middle/upper-more opportunities from time and money
Working-little opportunity
Hunting still associated with middle class
Football/boxing associated with working class
Gambling still essential
Later in century-councils subsidised swimming pools-address inequity of classes
Rugby league-professionalism+working class
Rugby union-amateurism+middle/upper class
Crowds became larger-dominated by skilled/middle class workers-unskilled/unemployed were under represented due to cost
What were the characteristics of gender at this time?
Society still male dominated but less so
How were sport and pastimes shaped by gender?
Examples?
Women still expected to fulfil traditional domestic role
Discrimination still existed
Eg.men only golf clubs
Little media coverage of female sport
Sport stereotypical
Eg.men-football, boxing… women-gymnastics…
Acceptance of women sport increased faster than in 60’s-women’s liberation movements
Eg.some female sports becoming professional late in 20th century-golf+tennis
What were the characteristics of law and order at this time?
Society continues civilisation process
Sport becoming more prominent in society-law more specific
How were sport and pastimes shaped by law and order in early 20th century?
Examples?
Sport reflected more civilised society-more controlled/lawful Fully established rules Purpose made facilities Sport specific clothing Large but orderly crowds Officials Protective equipment for specific sports
How were sport and pastimes shaped by law and order in late 20th century?
Examples?
Drugs/doping-from 60s
Taking PEDs in sport not a criminal offence-laws introduced to combat drug taking/doping
Eg.IOC banned certain known PEDs in 1967
Hooliganism-football in 70s+80s
Safer stadium design-all seater stadiums introduced
Alcohol bans introduced-aimed at spectator safety
What were the characteristics of education/literacy at this time?
Literacy became universal in 20th century
Boer War+WW1+WW2 influential
PE compulsory
Engineering/technological advances
How were sport and pastimes shaped by education and literacy?
Examples?
Sporting press-increased popularity from universal literacy
Soldiers died in war from lack of fitness-sport encouraged more in schools
Eg.1902 Model Course, 1904 Syllabus of Physical Training, 1952 Moving and Growing…
National Curriculum 1988
Greater opportunities at public schools
Technological advances-increased elite performance/participation from 70s-helped disability sports grow
What were the characteristics of availability of time and money at this time?
Early 20th century-time/money still very dependant on class Generally more disposable income and time-(no more 666 or 70hrs)
How were sport and pastimes shaped by availability of time and money?
Examples?
Working class-little time/money-little opportunity
Middle/upper classes-more time/money-more opportunity
World wars-stopped most sport-lack of people/money
Century progressed-working week shorter, working conditions improved, more disposable income-more opportunities to watch/play
-workers had more energy/healthier
Unemployment-less opportunities for some
What were the characteristics of transport at this time?
Public transport dominant in early century
Car ownership-private cars-freedom to travel-widespread by end of century
Cheap air travel-freedom to travel-widespread by end of century
How were sport and pastimes shaped by transport?
Examples?
Domestic sport very popular
International competition existed-not widespread
Very little international club sport
Spectators had little opportunity to travel overseas
Private cars-increased ability to play recreationally+spectate nationwide
Cheaper air travel-contributed to globalisation of sport-more elite level of comp
