Ethics

Question 1

Deontology

Answer 1

Is the act right or wrong? Values dignity, rationality, autonomy, duty and free will. Regardless of benefit or consequence

Question 2

Consequentialism

Answer 2

What consequences will the act have? whether the act is right or wrong depends on the consequences

Question 3

Utilitarianism

Answer 3

Will the act increase overall wellbeing? Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Act always to maximise the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people

Question 4

Communitarianism

Answer 4

Is the act goos for everyone that will be affected by the act? Does not the interests of individual patients. Social justice

Question 5

Virtue ethics

Answer 5

Am I being honest to myself and consistent in my acts?. Idea that ethics cannot be taught. It must be discussed, experienced and practised.

Question 6

Religious theories

Answer 6

Does the act respect the sanctity of human life?

Question 7

Four main principles

Answer 7

Respect for autonomy
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
Justice

Question 8

Respect for autonomy

Answer 8

Respecting person’s capacity of free will and independent decision-making

Question 9

Beneficence

Answer 9

Balancing of benefits of treatment against risks and costs - acting for the good of others

Question 10

Non-maleficence

Answer 10

avoiding causing harm

Question 11

Justice

Answer 11

Fair distribution of benefits, risks and costs, fair resource allocation, social justice