Ethics Flashcards
Research Methods
What is the acronym for ethics in psychology?
DCCOWPAD
What are ethics?
Moral guidelines used by psychologists to protect the participants.
What is the word for ‘fake name’ in psychology?
Pseudoname
What does the first ‘D’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
Deception:
Participants should not have information withheld from them or falsely given to them unless necessary to avoid demand characteristics.
What does the first ‘C’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
(Informed) Consent:
Participants must be informed about the research and give their written consent.
If the participant is under 16 years old, they need parental/ guardian consent.
What does the second ‘C’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
Confidentiality:
Participants have a right to expect that information they provide is treated confidentially.
There should be a pseudoname used in published research or some other form of hiding their identity.
What does the ‘O’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
Observation:
When observing covertly, this should be only done in a public place.
The participant needs to be informed and needs to have given consent for observation in private spaces.
What does the ‘W’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
Participant should be allowed to drop out at any time. They can also ask for their data to be withdrawn at any time before publishment.
What does the ‘P’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
Protection:
Participants should be protected from psychological and physical harm. They should experience no more harm than they would on a day-to-day basis.
What does the ‘A’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
Advice:
Participants should be offered advice; if needed during or after a study.
What does the second ‘D’ stand for in DCCOWPAD and what does it mean?
Debrief:
Participants should always have a debrief after the study has taken place to let them know the full research aim. They may be offered advice within this and given a way to contact the researcher.
What is the meaning of retrospective consent?
Consenting at the end of the study.
What is the meaning of presumptive consent?
Getting consent from someone else and assuming they will also consent.
What is the meaning of demand characteristics?
When participants know that they are being studied, work out what the researcher expects to find, and change their behaviour to meet the needs of the researcher.
Name all of the ethics in Respect.
- Consent
- Withdrawal
- Confidentiality
