Chaney Study

Question 1

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 1

Suggests we learn through positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and punishments.

Question 2

What was the aim of Chaney’s study?

Answer 2

To investigate whether the new asthma device can provide positive reinforcement to improve adherence of using inhalers in young asthmatics.

Question 3

What was the sample size and the gender divide of Chaney’s study?

Answer 3

32 participants- 22 males and 10 females

Question 4

What was the age range and mean age of the participants of Chaney’s study?

Answer 4

Age range= 1.5- 6 years (5 years)
Mean age= 3 years

Question 5

Where were the participants from in Chaney’s study?

Answer 5

7 local paediatrician/ GP clinics in Perth, Australia

Question 6

How did Chaney gain consent?

Answer 6

He got written, informed consent from parents before the questionnaire

Question 7

What are the strengths of Chaney’s sample?

Answer 7

• Children from different paediatrician and general practices
• Includes females and males
• Age range spans infants, toddlers and young children

Question 8

What are the weaknesses of Chaney’s sample?

Answer 8

• Ethnocentric
• Narrow age range
• Androcentric

Question 9

What did the funhaler include?

Answer 9

• Whistle
• Spinner
• Ball
• Bright colours
  It activates when the child uses it correctly.

Question 10

Outline Chaney’s study procedure.

Answer 10

• Parents of asthmatic children contacted by phone by GP/ paediatrician
• Parents completed questionnaire about standard inhaler without knowledge of funhaler
• Participants used funhaler for 2 weeks under adult supervision
• Parents contacted occasionally in the 2 weeks to ask if funhaler was being used
• After 2 weeks, researcher visited parents in their home and they did same questionnaire.

Question 11

What kind of questions were in Chaney’s questionnaire? Give examples.

Answer 11

Closed questions.
“Are you always successful at always medicating your child?”
“How many breaths are normally inhaled by your child? <4 or >4?”

Question 12

What % of people had used the standard inhaler the day before when randomly asked?

Answer 12

59%

Question 13

What % of people had achieved the recommended 4 breath cycles per delivery of the standard inhaler? (Chaney’s study)

Answer 13

50%

Question 14

What % of parents were always successful at medicating their child using the standard inhaler? (Chaney’s study)

Answer 14

10%

Question 15

What % of people had used the funhaler the day before when randomly questioned? (Chaney’s study)

Answer 15

81%

Question 16

What % of people achieved the recommended 4 breath cycles per delivery using the funhaler? (Chaney’s study)

Answer 16

80%

Question 17

What % of parents were always successful at medicating their child using the funhaler? (Chaney’s study)

Answer 17

73%

Question 18

What were the conclusions of Chaney’s study?

Answer 18

• The use of operant conditioning is effective at improving the adherence of medication in young asthmatics
• The funhaler may improve the health and development of children

Question 19

What was the IV for Chaney’s study?

Answer 19

Standard inhaler vs funhaler

Question 20

What was the DV for Chaney’s study?

Answer 20

The adherence to the inhaler device

Question 21

What research method was used for Chaney’s study?

Answer 21

Field

Question 22

What was the research design for Chaney’s study and how do you know?

Answer 22

Repeated measures design- the parents filled out both questionnaires and the children used both inhalers

Question 23

What type/ level of data was collected for Chaney’s study?

Answer 23

Quantitative and nominal data

Question 24

List some controls of Chaney’s study.

Answer 24

• Carried out for 2 weeks
• Same funhaler
• Same questionnaire