ethics Flashcards
define philosophy
(2 mark)
the pursuit of wisdom / knowledge
decribed as activity, typically use of logical argument to enable critical consideration of particular questions
philosophy explores questions related to?
(5 marks)
- general nature of the world / theory of existence
- justification of belief
- rules of valid reasoning + argumentation
- notion of beauty + philosophy of art
- conduct of life
define animal welfare science
(1 mark)
measures the effect on animals of different situations + environments, from the animal’s point of view
define animal ethics
(1 mark)
concerns how humans should treat animals
define animal welfare law
(1 mark)
concerns how humans must treat animals
when assessing animal welfare, what factors and perspectives should be considered?
(3 marks)
- physical - is the animal suffering physically
- mental - is the animal suffering mentally
- naturalness - is the animal kept in conditions not considered natural
what is animal welfare?
(1 mark)
scientific discipline that allows us to scientifically measure parameters such as an animal’s behaviour / physiological responses + to use this data to determine animal’s welfare status
define ethics
(1 mark)
questions of right and wrong
how are ethical decisions made?
(1 mark)
based on educated opinion
types of ethical theories?
(3 marks)
- duty-based theories
- consequentialist theories
- virtue-based theories
what is duty-based theory also known as?
(1 mark)
deontological theory
what is duty-based theory / deontological theory?
(2 marks)
- certain duties / actions (rules) that should/shouldn’t perform irrespective of the consequences
- rules must be followed no matter the consequences
what is consequentialist theory?
(1 mark)
judge an action as right / wrong based on consequences of the action
most common consequentialist theory?
(1 mark)
utilitarianism
what is utilitarianism?
(2 marks)
- people should maximise human welfare / well-being
- action that creates the most happiness = good, vice versa.
