Ethics Flashcards
what is Confidentiality?
Participants have the right to confidentiality. Their participation and performance in research is private and not open to public scrutiny. Participants have the same moral and legal rights to confidentiality as everyone in the society.
What is deception?
Deception means that participants are in some way deliberately misled or misinformed. This usually involves withholding information about the aims of the study so they are not fully informed before consenting to take part in. Most studies can not happen without some sort of deception
What is risk of stress,anxiety, humiliation or pain?
Some experiments might need to induce stress,anxiety,humiliation or pain to fulfill the aim. The experimenter must be able to justify this and it should not exceed the minimum amount needed. All reasonable steps must be taken in all research to ensure that you are protecting your participants from undue physical and psychological harm.
What are risk to the participants’ values, beliefs, relationships, status or privacy?
Researchers must take all reasonable steps to ensure that their research protects participants from any damage to their values,beliefs,relationships,status or privacy. Investigations should not seek to damage these in any way, unless it’s vital and fully justifiable by the research. Researchers must respect individual, cultural and role differences including age etc.
What is valid consent?
Participants must be fully informed about the study before they agree to take part. This need not involve disclosing every single detail of the study, but certainly anything that might influence a person’s willingness to take part must be revealed to potential participants. In this way, their decision to take part is based on an understanding of consequences and what their contribution means
What is working with vulnerable individuals?
If children are to be used in research, then consent must be sought from their parents. This rule might also apply to some adults.If participant is considered ‘vulnerable’ in any way, the researcher must proceed very carefully.
What is working with animals?
The guidelines say that anyone who conducts research using animals must observe the highest standards of animal welfare, including reduction to the minimum of any pain or suffering.
What are ways of dealing with ethical issues?
The ethical guidelines imply that researchers must follow a set of ethical principles designed to prevent research from infringing on the rights of participants.
The ethics committees must be used before a researcher can begin a study of any kind they must apply for ethics committee. Which will review their application and decide if there are any ethical issues that must be dealt with before the study takes place.
The debrief is used even when the study lacks informed consent could still be justified if the researcher provides an adequate debrief. This includes telling the participant all of the aims of the study and giving opportunities for any questions about the research
