Esterfication

Question 1

How are esters derived?

Answer 1

From carboxylic acids

Question 2

How are esters produced?

Answer 2

They are produced when carboxylic acids are heated with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst (usually concentrated sulphuric acid) in a type of condensation reaction.

Question 3

Take note that the alcohol component is named first and gets the suffix __ followed by the carboxylic acid component that gets the suffix ___.

Answer 3

-yl -oate

Question 4

What are esters used for? (2)

Answer 4

-Used as flavourants -Used as solvents in paints and varnishes

Question 5

Alcohol chain–> Carboxylic acid–>

Answer 5

Side Chain Main Chain

Question 6

What type of reaction is it?

Answer 6

Condensation reaction as H20 molecule is produced.

Question 7

What temperature are the reactants warmed to?

Answer 7

Approximately 60 degrees.

Question 8

Why is a water bath used to heat the reactants?

Answer 8

The alcohol is volatile and flammable so the water bath reduces risk.

Question 9

The ester molecule exhibits a ____ ____ around the ester.

Short chain esters are water ___, and become less ____ as the carbon chain gets longers.

Answer 9

Permanent dipole

Soluble x2