Essay

Question 1

Intro

Answer 1

Personality is not straightforward.
One modal is b5.
statement fails to incorporate other facts.
situationism, trait stability and heritability, weak prediction power, and shortcomings of reductionism.

Question 2

Support

Answer 2

broad consensus.
Same solution by multiple tests
peer-rating (Informant)
self-report (MMPI), expert rating.
Lexical hypothesis support trait importance.

Question 3

Situationism 1

Answer 3

behaviour is context dependent.
Example
weak r strength 0.40
still important.

Question 4

situationism 2 experiences

Answer 4

expectancy experience
School academic score example.
counter-experience just changes levels of traits

Question 5

Biology

Answer 5

traits are consistent over time r=.9. traits are also largely determined by genotype (twin studies).
Genome wide associations-millions of SNPs that are linked to traits. Complexity brings us to reductionism

Question 6

reductionism

Answer 6

lots of words, reduced to 5
pros but there are flaws
different approach, single, many, and essential.
presence of many.
discourse about adding a 6th (honesty/humility
Can’t encapsulate complexity of behaviour

Question 7

conclusion 1

Answer 7

traits are important.
evidence of difference tests and lexical hypothesis, factor analysis is good.

Question 8

conclusion 2

Answer 8

situationists-neglect context, no life experience.
Supported by trait stability and heritability of genes.
Small correlation.
reductionism limited in generalising.