ES for denervated muscles

Question 1

define a denervated muscle

Answer 1

d/t peripheral nerve injury = denervation atrophy

Question 2

seddon and sunderland degree if all is normal

Answer 2

normal

Question 3

seddon and sunderland degree if injury to myelin, conduction block and can recover

Answer 3

neuropraxia - 1st degree

Question 4

seddon and sunderland degree if injury to myelin + axon, wallerian degeneration and can recover

Answer 4

axonotmesis - second deg

Question 5

seddon and sunderland degree if injury to myelin + axon + endoneurium, wallerian degeneration and incomplete recovery

Answer 5

neurotmesis - 3rd degree

Question 6

seddon and sunderland degree if injury to myelin + axon + endoneurium + perinuerium, wallerian degeneration and incomplete recovery

Answer 6

neurotmesis - 4th degree

Question 7

seddon and sunderland degree if injury to myelin + axon + endoneurium + perinuerium + epineurium, wallerian degeneration and incomplete recovery

Answer 7

neurotmesis - 5th degree

Question 8

what happens as early as 3hrs following nerve transection

Answer 8

RMP of sarcolemma decreases

Question 9

atrophy would usually happen type of muscle fibers

Answer 9

greater extent c type 2 muscle fibers

Question 10

how does muscle usually degenerate

Answer 10

intramuscular venous stasis

superimposed trauma

Question 11

what are the changes brought by denervation to the neuron

Answer 11

hypersensitivity of Ach = fibrillations

membrane changes
mechanical changes

Question 12

rate of growth if total denervation

Answer 12

1-2 mm/day

Question 13

how does a partial denervation re-innervate

Answer 13

collateral sprouting - branching

nodal - terminal growth

terminal

Question 14

type of current usually used

Answer 14

slow rising exponentially progressive current (EPC) mas common

monophasic PC

Question 15

usual waveforms used in EPC

Answer 15

saw tooth pulse - most common

triangular

trapezoidal pulse

Question 16

pulse freq usually used

Answer 16

1-10 Hz

Question 17

pulse duration usually used

Answer 17

greater or equal to chronaxie

Question 18

what is rheobase

Answer 18

least intensity needed to elicit visible contraction

Question 19

what is chronaxie

Answer 19

minimum time required to produce muscle contraction c intensity set a twice rheobase

Question 20

discuss ideal treatment duration

Answer 20

20 mins 2-3 x/day for 5-7 days/wk

Question 21

discuss electrode configuration

Answer 21

cathode over most excitable part of muscle and, ideally smaller than anode