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HEMATOLOGY 1 > Erythrocyte Stages - Features > Flashcards

Erythrocyte Stages - Features Flashcards

1
Q

Rubriblast (Pronormoblast) - Size

A

12-19 mcm

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2
Q

Rubriblast (Pronormoblast) - N:C Ratio

A

8:1

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3
Q

Rubriblast (Pronormoblast) - Nucleus

A
  • Contains 0/1 or 2 nucleoli
  • Large, round nucleus
  • Chromatin is purple red and has fine pattern (only seen in rubriblast)
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4
Q

Rubriblast (Pronormoblast) - Cytoplasm

A

Deep blue (due to ribosomes-RNA activity) without granules

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5
Q

Rubriblast (Pronormoblast) - Features

A
  • Earliest recognizable stage
  • High RNA activity (needed for production of CHONs required for Hgb synthesis)
  • Globin production begins
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6
Q

Prorubricyte (Basophilic Normoblast) - Size

A

12-17 mcm

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7
Q

Prorubricyte (Basophilic Normoblast) - NC Ratio

A

6:1

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8
Q

Prorubricyte (Basophilic Normoblast) - Nucleus

A
  • Nucleoli may be present in the early stage but disappears later
  • Nuclear chromatin is deep purple red and begins to condense
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9
Q

Prorubricyte (Basophilic Normoblast) - Cytoplasm

A

Deeper, richer blue

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10
Q

Prorubricyte (Basophilic Normoblast) - Features

A
  • Most helpful criteria (when comparing with rubriblast: COARSER CHROMATIN and ABSENCE OF NUCLEOLI
  • Start of Hemoglobin Synthesis (Hgb pigmentation not yet evident)
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11
Q

Rubricyte (Polychromatophilic Normoblast) - Size

A

11-15 mcm

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12
Q

Rubricyte (Polychromatophilic Normoblast) - NC ratio

A

4:1

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13
Q

Rubricyte (Polychromatophilic Normoblast) - Nucleus

A
  • Increased clumping of the chromatin
  • No nucleoli are present
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14
Q

Rubricyte (Polychromatophilic Normoblast) - Cytoplasm

A

Pink (Hgb) + blue = Murky gray-blue (only seen in Rubricyte)

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15
Q

Rubricyte (Polychromatophilic Normoblast) - Features

A
  • Hemoglobin synthesis increases (Hgb pigmentation becomes evident)
  • Last stage capable of mitosis
  • Polychromatophilic - many color
  • Progressive decreased in DNA synthesis
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16
Q

Metarubricyte (Orthochromic normoblast or nucleated RBC/NRBC) - Size

A

8-12 mcm

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17
Q

Metarubricyte (Orthochromic normoblast or nucleated RBC/NRBC) - NC ratio

A

1:2

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18
Q

Metarubricyte (Orthochromic normoblast or nucleated RBC/NRBC) - Nucleus

A

Chromatin pattern is tightly/completely condensed = Pyknotic nucleus

19
Q

Metarubricyte (Orthochromic normoblast or nucleated RBC/NRBC) - Cytoplasm

A

Reddish pink

20
Q

Metarubricyte (Orthochromic normoblast or nucleated RBC/NRBC) - Features

A
  • Last nucleated stage
  • Hgb synthesis continues
  • Loss of vimentin
  • Nucleus expulsion or extrusion occurs (later at this stage)
  • Pyrenocyte (pyknotic/enveloped extruded nucleus) - engulfed by BM macrophages
21
Q

a protein which hold organelles in proper location in the cytoplasm

22
Q

Reticulocyte (Polychromatophilic erythrocyte) - Size

23
Q

Reticulocyte (Polychromatophilic erythrocyte) - Nucleus

A

Cell is anuclear

24
Q

Reticulocyte (Polychromatophilic erythrocyte) - Cytoplasm

A

Various degrees of polychromasia (mixed pink and blue staining)

Diffuse reticulum

25
Q

Reticulocyte (Polychromatophilic erythrocyte) - Features

A
  • End stage of Hgb synthesis
  • Diffusely basophilic erythrocyte (Wright stain)
  • Reticulocyte (Supravital stain
  • Endoribonuclease digests the ribosomes
  • Resides in the BM for 1-2/2-3 days prior to its release in the PB
  • Stays in the PB for about 1 day before becoming mature RBC
26
Q

Erythrocyte - size

27
Q

Erythrocyte - Nucleus

28
Q

Erythrocyte - Cytoplasm

A

Salmon-pink with central pale area

29
Q

Erythrocyte - Features

A
  • Erythrocytes cannot divide
  • No mitochondria
  • Biconcave disc (Discocyte)
  • Hemoglobin is the cell’s main component
30
Q
  • preparation for Hgb synthesis
  • start of globin production
A

Rubriblast (Pronormoblast)

31
Q

2 portions of hemoglobin

A
  1. Heme
  2. Globin - protein protion
32
Q

WHY “DEEPER, RICHER BLUE” Cytoplasm in Prorubricyte?

A

There’s a continuous increase in the amount of ribosomal RNA and ribosomes

33
Q

Progressive decreased in DNA synthesis is caused by?

A

Clumping of the chromatin

33
Q

REASONS WHY HGB PIGMENTATION IS NOT YET EVIDENT AT Prorubricyte Stage:

A
  1. Only a minute amount of Hgb is produced
  2. The minute amount of Hgb produced is being masked by ribosomes and rRNAs
34
Q

“raspberry appearance”
* Increasing Hgb amount
* Residues (e.g. ribosomes, rRNA) from the previous stage are used to continue Hgb synthesis despite the nucleus is inactive.

A

Metarubricyte

35
Q

EXPULSION OF THE NUCLEUS

A

Metarubricyte

36
Q

Expressed on the surface of pyrenocyte

Serves as a signal for bone marrow macrophages to engulf/eat the pyrenocyte

A

Phospatidylserine

37
Q

Nuclear remnants
RBC inclusions

A

Howell-Jolly Bodies

38
Q

Dfifusely basophilic stage

A

Reticulocyte

39
Q
  • Blue appears in dots that are scattered throughout cytoplasm
  • Also known as basophilic stippling
A

Punctate basophilia

40
Q
  • polychromatic erythrocyte
  • bluish cytoplasm appears to have very fine pattern
A

Diffused Basophilia

41
Q

➔ basophilic stippling
➔ bluish cytoplasm appears clustered/dotted

A

Punctate Basophilia

42
Q
  • Example: new methylene blue
  • Stains residual rRNA that appears as small blue strands – called the “reticulum”
A

Supravital Stain

43
Q

➔ time it takes for the cells to be in that particular stage before they develop into the next stage

A

Transit time

HEMATOLOGY 1 (12 decks)

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