ER Flashcards
What drug category is used for anaphylaxis and upper respiratory emergencies
Antihistamine
What emergency drug category is used for bradycardia, and opioid overdoses
Anticholinergic drugs
What do anticholinergic drugs do to the body
Blocks part of the parasympathetic nervous system therefore blocking acetylcholine (muscle contractions)
What anticholinergic drug is used for emergencies
Atropine
What do beta-2 agonists do
Relax smooth muscle and dilate the air way
What are beta-2 agonists used for
Cardiac resuscitation, anaphylaxis, bronchodilation
Epinephrine is in what drug category
Beta-2 agonists
What does epinephrine do
Increases HR, strengthens contractions of the heart, increases cardiac output. Is a potent bronchodilator
Albuterol is in what drug category
Beta-2 agonists
What is albuterol
A bronchodilator
Methylxanthines do what to the body
Relax smooth muscles of bronchi, act as a mild diuretic
What are methlxanthines used for
Bronchodilation, mild heart stimulation, asthma, collapsing trachea, bronchitis
Aminophylline is in what category
Methylxanthines
Aminophylline contraindications are
Can adversely react with corticosteroids, ketamine, enrofloxacin, furosemide, phenobarbital, and propanol
Corticosteroids are used for what
CNS trauma, anaphylaxis, inflammation
What corticosteroid is used for emergencies
Dexamethasone
Respiratory stimulants are used for what
Stimulate respirations during or after anesthesia
Respiratory stimulants should not be used for what
Respiratory support for cardiac or respiratory arrest
What respiratory stimulant drug is used for emergencies
Doxapram
Antiarrythmic emergency drugs include
Lidocaine, propanol, procainamide
Diuretics do what to the body
Promote loss of body water
Furosemide belongs in what category
Diuretics
What is furosemide used for in emergencies
CHF, uremia, pulmonary edema, increase secretion of water and electrolytes
What is mannitol used for in emergencies
Oliguric renal failure, IOP, enhance excretion of urinary toxins, cerebral edema
Mannitol belongs to what category of drugs
Diuretics
Inotropes are used for what
CPR, anaphylaxis, CHF, and A-Fib
Inotropes do what to the body
Strengthen heart contractions
Digoxin does what
Decrease HR, increase contractions and regulate heart Rhythm
Digoxin belongs to what drug category
Inotropes
Some beta agonists also belong to what drug category
Inotropes
Vasodilators do what to the body
Dilate vessels to reduce the workload of the heart
What drug category is used for just for CHF
Vasodilators
Hydralazine is in what drug category
Vasodilator
Hydralazine does what
Lower BP and is a atrial vasodilator
Nitroprusside belongs to what drug category
Vasodilator
Nitroprusside does what
Peripheral vasodilator, acute heart failure, lower BP, **MUST BE DILUTED **
Anticonvulsants are used for
Seizures
Diazepam belongs to what drug category
Anticonvulsants
What anticonvulsant can only be used short term
Diazepam
Phenobarbital belongs to what drug category
Anticonvulsants
Antiemetics are used for what
Control vomiting
Maropitant is a
Antiemetic
Metoclopramide is a
Antiemetic
Ondansetron is a
Antiemetic
Emetics are used for what
Inducing V
Emergency emetics include what drugs
Apomorphine, hydrogen peroxide
Absorbs toxins to reduce absorption of the upper GI tract
Activated charcoal
Ca-EDTA is a what
Chelating agent for heavy metal toxicosis
What drug reverses Xylazine
Yohimbine
What drive reverse mu agonists
Naloxone
Mu agonists are
Opioids
Flumazenil reverses what
Benzodiazepines
What reverses dexmedetomidine
Antipamezole
Antipamezole is a
alpha-2 antagonist
What is used for antifreeze poisoning
Ethanol
Bolus/ shock doses of fluids for dogs and horses should be between __ -__ ml/kg IV
80-90
Bolus/shock doses of fluids for cats should be around __-__ ml/kg IV
50-55 ml/kg