Equine TL Ligaments, Bursas, Etc. Flashcards

1
Q

What is the lacertus fibrosis?

A

Long tendon of the biceps brachii m.; extends from the biceps brachii to the extensor carpi radials mm.; a main component of the passive stay apparatus - prevents flexion at the elbow

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2
Q

Where do the medial and lateral extensor branches of the interosseous pass?

A

Dorsally to unite with the tendon of the common digital extensor

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3
Q

What is the proximal check ligament?

A

Accessory tendon of the SDF m.; arises from the caudodistal end of the radius and unites with the deep surface of the SDF tendon

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4
Q

What is the distal check ligament?

A

The accessory tendon of the DDF m.; arises from the proximopalmar aspect of MC III and unites with the deep surface of the DDF tendon

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5
Q

What is the suspensory ligament?

A

Another name of the interosseous m.; completely fibrous in horse; originates from the deep palmar carpal ligament and proximal palmar surface of MC III and inserts on the palmolateral and palmomedial surfaces of the proximal sesamoid bones

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6
Q

What takes its origin from the deep palmar carpal ligament?

A

The suspensory ligament/interosseus m.

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7
Q

What is significant about the deep palmar carpal ligament?

A

It forms the dorsal border of the carpal canal and prevents overextension of the carpal joints due to its attachment on the palmar surface of each carpal bone

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8
Q

What is significant about the palmar flexor retinaculum?

A

It forms the palmar boundary of the carpal canal; binds the SDF and DDF tendons in the carpal canal

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9
Q

What is the palmar annular ligament?

A

Retains the SDF and DDF tendons in position on the palmar surface of the proximal sesamoids

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10
Q

What is the intersesamoidean ligament?

A

Interconnects the lateral and medial proximal sesamoids; covered by the scutum

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11
Q

What is the scutum?

A

The shiny fibrocartilage on the palmar surface of the sesamoids, against which the tendon of the DDF tendon slides

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12
Q

What is the straight sesamoidean ligament?

A

Attaches the proximal sesamoids to the palmar surface of the proximal and middle phalanges; sometimes referred to as “I”

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13
Q

What is the oblique sesamoidean ligament?

A

Attaches the proximal sesamoids to the proximal phalanx; sometimes referred to as “V”

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14
Q

What is the cruciate sesamoidean ligament?

A

Deep to the straight and oblique sesamoidean ligaments; attaches the proximal sesamoids to the proximal phalanx; sometimes referred to as “X”

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15
Q

What is the proximal digital annular ligament?

A

A butterfly-shaped retaining fascial band that holds down the SDF and DDF tendons at the proximal phalanx

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16
Q

What is the distal digital annular ligament?

A

Fascial band that extends from the proximal phalanx to the distal phalanx; distally, extends between the digital cushion and tendon of the DDF and holds down the tendon of the DDF

17
Q

Where is the navicular bone located?

A

On the palmar surface of the interphalangeal joint; also known as the distal sesamoid bone

18
Q

Where is the impar ligament?

A

Attaches the distal sesamoid bone/navicular bone to the distal phalanx; also knows as the distal ligament of the distal sesamoid bone

19
Q

Where is the navicular bursa?

A

The synovial sac between the distal sesamoid bone/navicular bone and the DDF tendon; very small and why we worry about nails going through the wrong place

20
Q

Where is the infraspinatus (subtendinous) bursa?

A

Between the tendon of insertion of the infraspinatus m. and the caudal part of the greater tubercle of the humerus

21
Q

Where is the intertubercular (subtendinous) bursa?

A

Deep to the biceps brachii tendon, between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus; inflammation can produce lameness

22
Q

Where is the olecranon (subcutaneous) bursa?

A

Inconstant bursa deep to the skin over the olecranon; hygromatous enlargement is known as capped elbow

23
Q

Where is the olecranon (subtendinous) bursa?

A

Located between the olecranon and the long head of the triceps brachii m.

24
Q

Where is the precarpal (subcutaneous) bursa?

A

A false bursa that can develop on the dorsal surface of the carpus after repeated injury in trailer or small box stalls

25
Q

Where is the bursa (subtendinous) of the common and lateral digital extensor tendons?

A

Lies between the cannon bone and the common and lateral digital extensor mm.

26
Q

What is the perioplic corium?

A

Thin band of corium underlying the perioplic epidermis; germinal epithelium here produces the external and shiny periople; this layer is adjacent to the haired margin of the hoof capsule

27
Q

What is the coronary corium?

A

Relatively broad band of dermis containing microscopic cones of connective tissue that are directed distally; germinal epithelium surfacing these cones produce the bulk of the hoof wall (stratum medium)

28
Q

What is the laminar corium?

A

Parallel lamina of connective tissue directed from the deeper corium toward the wall; these lamina interlock with epithelial lamina of the hoof capsule; the germinal epithelium overlying the dermal lamina produce some of the hoof capsule