Equine PL Ligaments, Bursas, Etc. Flashcards
What is the malleolar bone?
The lateral malleolus in the ox; it is a completely separate bone
What is the fibularis (peroneus) tertius?
A connective tissue cord that is located deep to the long digital extensor m. and is firmly attached to the cranial tibial m. in the horse; it bifurcates at the hock into lateral and dorsal tendons; originates from the extensor fossa of the femur along with the long digital extensor m.
What is the cunean tendon?
The medial tendon of the cranial tibial m.; susceptible to irritation with subsequent inflammation due to bone spavin
What is the parapatellar fibrocartilage?
Medial fibrocartilage extension from the patella that curves over the proximal aspect of the trochlear tubercle (expanded proximal end of the medial trochlear ridge) when the patella is on the resting surface
What structures form the loop around the trochlear tubercle of the medial ridge of the trochlea of the femur?
The patella, parapatellar fibrocartilage, medial patellar ligament, and the intermediate patellar ligament
What are the femoropatellar ligaments?
Medial and lateral fascial bands that connect the patella to the caudal aspect of the femoral condyles
What is the medial patellar ligament?
Extends from the parapatellar fibrocartilage to the tibial tuberosity; this ligament is implicated in the “stifled” horse and is often cut in treatment of this condition
What is the intermediate patellar ligament?
Attaches the patella to the tibial tuberosity
What is the lateral patellar ligament?
Attaches the lateral aspect of the patella to the tibial tuberosity
What is the long plantar ligament?
Follows the plantar aspect of the calcaneus, passes over the 4th tarsal bone, and then continues distally onto the proximal part of the metatarsus; largely covered by the tendon of the SDF; commonly strained about the middle of its length –> curb
What is the proximal extensor retinaculum?
Binds tendons of the long digital extensor, fibularis tertius, and cranial tibial in place on the cranial and distal aspect of the crus
What is the middle extensor retinaculum?
Binds tendons of the long and lateral digital extensors, fibularis tertius, and cranial tibial in place on the dorsal aspect of the tarsus
What is the distal extensor retinaculum?
Binds tendons of the long and lateral digital extensors in place on the dorsal aspect of the proximal metatarsus
What is the plantar annular ligament?
Binds the tendons of the SDF and DDF in place on the plantar aspect of the fetlock
What is the proximal digital annular ligament?
A butterfly-shaped retaining fascial band that holds down the SDF and DDF tendons
What is the distal digital annular ligament?
A retaining fascial band that is located between the digital cushion and the tendon of the DDF
What is different about the common calcanean tendon in the horse vs. the dog?
The gracilis m. contribution is debatable, but there is a soleus m. that contributes
What is the distal interdigital ligament?
Found in ruminants, a cruciate ligament that passes from medial to lateral middle phalanges to the distal phalanges and distal sesamoids and, in the process, binds the DDF tendons in place
Is there a proximal check ligament in the horse?
No, but it is compensated for by the SDF’s attachment to the point of the hock
Is there a distal check ligament in the horse?
Yes, but it is not as prominent as the forelimb
What joint does the tibiotarsal/tarsocrural joint (hock) ALWAYS communicate with?
The proximal intertarsal joint
What joint does the proximal intertarsal joint ALWAYS communicate with?
The tibiotarsal/tarsocrural joint (hock)
What joint does the proximal intertarsal joint NEVER communicate with?
The distal intertarsal joint
What joint does the distal intertarsal joint NEVER communicate with?
The proximal intertarsal joint
What joint does the distal intertarsal joint SOMETIMES communicate with?
The tarsometatarsal joint
What joint does the tarsometatarsal joint SOMETIMES communicate with?
The distal intertarsal joint
