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studying > equine science exam 2 > Flashcards

equine science exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Gene E

A

controls black hair on body

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2
Q

Gene A

A

Controls black hair on points

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3
Q

Gene G

A

gray coloring

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4
Q

Gene W

A

white coloring, most rare, WW is lethal

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5
Q

Gene C

A

dilution gene, affects red pigment

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6
Q

cremello

A

chestnut base with 2 cream genes, if it only had 1 cream gene it would be a palomino

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7
Q

perlino

A

bay base with 2 cream genes, 1 cream gene would be a buckskin

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8
Q

Gene D

A

dilution gene that dilutes both black and red

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9
Q

Gene TO

A

tobiano, dominant, toto is solid, TOTO is rare

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10
Q

Gene O

A

overo, OO is lethal white, Oo is overo, Oo is solid

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11
Q

cranial

A

towards head

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12
Q

caudal

A

towards tail

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13
Q

Dorsal

A

towards the back

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14
Q

ventral

A

towards the belly

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15
Q

medial

A

towards middle plane

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16
Q

lateral

A

away from middle plane

17
Q

proximal

A

towards the body

18
Q

distal

A

away from the body

19
Q

palmar

A

front/hand

20
Q

plantar

A

hind/foot

21
Q

vertebral formula

A

C7: T18: L6 : S5: Cd18

22
Q

gastrointestinal tract

A

mouth-pharynx-esophagus-stomach-small intestine-large intestine-rectum-anus

23
Q

mouth

A

teeth, tongue, salivary glands, mastication, amylase, vissebrae

24
Q

esophagus

A

4-5 ft long, can’t regurgitate

25
Q

stomach

A

u shaped, muscular sac, only 10% of the digestive tract capacity

26
Q

small intestine

A

3 sections: duodenum, jejunum, ileum, 70 ft long, 2 in diameter, 12 gallons

27
Q

large intestine

A

cecum, large colon, small colon, rectum, anus

28
Q

cecum

A

up to 9 gal and 4 ft long, water absorption,

29
Q

large colon

A

12 ft long, 10-12 in diameter, 20 gallon capacity, bacterial action

30
Q

small colon

A

10 ft long, 4 in diameter, formation of fecal balls

31
Q

gut sound quadrants

A

left side top, left side bottom, right side top, right side bottom

32
Q

five primary nutrients

A

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins, water

33
Q

roughages

A

pasture, hay, legumes, need 15-20% per day, processed in bales (round, square, cubes, pellets)

34
Q

legumes

A

alfalfa, more palatable than grass, high in protein,

35
Q

roughage quality

A

affected by weather, weeds, mold, stage when harvested, fertilizer, and storage

36
Q

roughage importance

A

prevents risk of colic, prevents laminitis, prevents boredom, provides continuous stream through GI

37
Q

limiting amino acids

A

amino acid that runs out first limits protein synthesis from proceeding

38
Q

3 limiting amino acids

A

lysine, methionine, threonine

39
Q

heart girth and body length formula

A

((heart girth X heart girth) X body length/ 330= estimated body weight in pounds

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