equine science exam 1

Question 1

anthelmintics

Answer 1

drugs used to treat worms in horses

Question 2

ascarid lifecycle

Answer 2

eggs pass out in feces, live in environment for years, eggs turn into larvae, foals eat larvae, larvae then penetrate gut into blood stream, go to the lungs, migrate up trachea, and are coughed up and swallowed back down to stomach, female lays eggs in stomach, and eggs pass out in feces

Question 3

ascarids

Answer 3

part of the large groups of parasites known as roundworms

Question 4

biting louse lice

Answer 4

mostly found around the withers and tail base, feed on the hair and scales from the skin

Question 5

blood sucking lice

Answer 5

more injurious, found on the head, neck, back and inner thighs

Question 6

bots

Answer 6

larvae of an insect, the botfly

Question 7

bots life cycle

Answer 7

Egg, larvae, pupa and adult fly
eggs found on hairs of horse, then turn into larvae, and enter the mouth, pass into stomach and intestine and attach to the lining for several months, then pass out in feces, become pupae, and emerge as adult fly

Question 8

breeding true

Answer 8

offspring will almost always possess the same physical characteristics as the parents

Question 9

cob

Answer 9

a close-knit horse, heavily boned, short coupled and muscular, but with quality; not so heavy and coarse as a draft animal

Question 10

coldblood

Answer 10

a horse of draft horse breeding

Question 11

color breed

Answer 11

do not breed true colors. ex: albinos, paints, appaloosas, buckskin

Question 12

conformation

Answer 12

how the horse is shaped according to type and/or breed

Question 13

direct life cycle

Answer 13

a parasite that requires no other organism except the final host to complete its life cycle

Question 14

draft horses

Answer 14

a large breed of horses used for work

Question 15

ectoparasites

Answer 15

parasites that live on the outside of their hosts

Question 16

endoparasites

Answer 16

internal parasites, living inside the animal

Question 17

eocene epoch

Answer 17

division of geologic time following the Paleocene and ending about 37 million years ago

Question 18

eohippus

Answer 18

earliest known ancestor of the modern horse

Question 19

feral

Answer 19

horses that were once domesticated and have become wild

Question 20

food and agriculture organization

Answer 20

an agency of the United Nations that conducts research, provides technical assistance, conducts education programs, maintains statistics on world food, and publishes reports

Question 21

foundation sires

Answer 21

all registered foals must have their ancestry traced back to the founding stallions

Question 22

gelding

Answer 22

a castrated male horse

Question 23

hackamore

Answer 23

a bites bridle used in the west for training horses

Question 24

hinny

Answer 24

cross between a male horse or stallion and a female donkey

Question 25

hippology

Answer 25

study of horses

Question 26

indirect life cycle

Answer 26

a parasite requiring several hosts for the parasite to reproduce

Question 27

intermediate host

Answer 27

host of a parasite before the last host

Question 28

ivermectin

Answer 28

a drug used to control parasites

Question 29

jennet

Answer 29

female donkey

Question 30

jockeys

Answer 30

professional riders of horses in races

Question 31

large strongyles

Answer 31

bloodworms, most harmful. eggs pass out in feces, develop on plants, first and second stage larvae in soil or feces, third stage larvae crawl up grass and is ingested by horse, then penetrate walls of small intestine, cecum, and colon, then move into small arteries and migrate to aorta

Question 32

light horses

Answer 32

horses used primarily for riding, driving, showing, racing, or utility on a farm or ranch

Question 33

mange

Answer 33

itching skin disease caused by parasitic mites

Question 34

miocene epoch

Answer 34

division of geologic time beginning about 23 million years ago

Question 35

mites

Answer 35

causes mange, almost invisible to naked eye, spreads among stable mates

Question 36

monodactyl

Answer 36

having a single toe

Question 37

morrill land grant act

Answer 37

federal law beginning 1862 that established land grant institutions in each state

Question 38

mules

Answer 38

cross between a female horse and a male donkey

Question 39

nematode

Answer 39

parasitic worms with unsegmented, cylindrical bodies. also called roundworms

Question 40

oligocene epoch

Answer 40

division of geologic time beginning about 37 million years ago

Question 41

onagers

Answer 41

relatives of the horse

Question 42

paleocene epoch

Answer 42

division of geologic time beginning about 65 million years ago

Question 43

pinworm life cycle

Answer 43

females pass out with feces, lay eggs around anal region, eggs are swallowed by horses, worms mature in intestine

Question 44

pinworms

Answer 44

parasites that cause intense itching around the anus, resulting in hair being rubbed off over the tailhead

Question 45

pleistocene epoch

Answer 45

division of geologic time beginning about 2 million years ago

Question 46

pliocene epoch

Answer 46

division of geologic time beginning about 5 million years ago

Question 47

Przewalski's horse

Answer 47

oldest species of horse still in existence

Question 48

roadsters

Answer 48

horses used for driving; includes heavy and fine harness horses and ponies

Question 49

soring

Answer 49

intentional infliction of pain to a horse's legs or hooves in order to force the horse to perform an artificial, exaggerated gait

Question 50

small strongyles

Answer 50

most common, pass directly to large intestine, become encysted in colon and cecum, emerge and return to gut

Question 51

summer sores

Answer 51

parasitic infections caused by stomach worms where lesions ooze serum, are very itchy, and disappear in cold weather

Question 52

tapeworm life cycle

Answer 52

eggs begin to develop in the mites, horses eat grass with mites, eggs become the tapeworm and attach to stomach lining, and begin to grow segments with eggs, adults live in the large intestine and are made of segments with eggs, segments break off and are passed out with feces, and then eaten by grain mites

Question 53

tapeworms

Answer 53

flat segmented worm forms clusters in ileocecal valve of cecum, cause ulcerated lesions

Question 54

warmblood

Answer 54

refers to the overall temperament of light to medium horse breeds