Equine Repro/Neonate QUIZ Flashcards
T/F: Cryptorchid stallions are fine to use for breeding.
False
T/F: The second stage of labor in the horse normally lasts for 2-4 hours
False. Lasts for 20-30min
T/F: Dystocia during labor often results in the death of the foal.
True
T/F: Evaluation for effective Passive Transfer to foals is done by a blood test 2-4 days after they are born.
False
T/F: Premature foals are easy to treat and have an excellent prognosis
False
T/F: Foals can be premature/dysmature even if born on their due date.
True
T/F: Uterine artery ruptures are easily corrected with surgical intervention
False
1.Explain the condition of neonatal Isoerythrolysis-
2. What clinical sign does this affected foal show? What other clinical signs might an affected foal show?
3. How could it be prevented in a future foal of the same mare?
- Neonatal Isoerythrolysis - a condition of red cell rupture in foal’s blood due to antibodies against the Foal’s red cells in the colostrum. This is caused by the mare developing antibodies against a foal when exposed to its blood (usually during parturition). Then if the mare is bred back to the same stallion, she will have antibodies against this second foal (sibling to the first).
- This foal is icteric (jaundiced) due to the liver failing in the face of overwhelming rupture red cells to process.
- Foals will also be weak, tachypneic, tachycardic, anorexic - Do not breed mare back to the same stallion.
- Know blood types of mares and stallion
- If blood mismatch of foal does occur (accidental breeding); don’t allow foal to have colostrum from this mare
All of the following are signs of a premature foal EXCEPT:
1. Floppy ears, limbs
2. Weak
3. Excellent suckle response
4. Silky hair
- Excellent suckle response
This 12-hour old foal is straining to defecate and colicky.
Name 2 differentials (possible causes) for this foal’s condition:
- Meconium impaction
- Most foals pass their meconium within the first 9–12 hours of life. If sufficient quantities of meconium are not evacuated, meconium impaction can lead to clinical signs of colonic obstruction, which usually manifest in the first 12–96 hours. These signs may include abdominal pain (colic), tachypnea and tachycardia, tail “swishing,” restlessness, straining to defecate, and abdominal (gas) distention. - Atresia ani
- Birth defect of anus…prevents feces from passing…needs immediate surgical correction - GI parasites
- Ruptured urinary bladder
Please name 3 different causes of equine abortion and indicate which is the #1 cause of infectious abortion.
1.
2.
3.
Which is the #1 infectious cause of abortion?
- Twins
- Toxins (ie Fescue Toxicosis)
- Herpes virus is the #1 cause of infectious abortions
- Leptospirosis
- Taylorella
This mare is having a surgical procedure on the dorsal aspect of her vulva.
- What is the name of this surgical procedure?
- Why is this procedure performed?
Caslick Procedure
a. Prevent fecal material from contaminating vulva
b. Maintaining a prolapsed uterus after correction
What are the 3 options for treatment of dystocia in a mare?
- Reposition the foal manually
- C-section (general anesthesia)
- Fetotomy
This mare has retained her placenta 10 hours after the birth of her foal.
- What is the usual timeline for passage of the equine placenta?
- What are possible treatments?
- What are possible complications from a retained placenta?
My A:
1. Usually within 6hrs
2. Oxytocin, antibiotics, use jug to weight down placenta & eventually remove it using the weight & gravity
3. Infection, infertility, laminitis
Instructor A:
- Placenta should be passed within 6 hours of parturition.
- Uterine lavage, oxytocin injections, gentle traction are possible treatments.
- Retained placenta may lead to infection (metritis); colic; laminitis, sepsis.
