Equine Gastrointestinal Tract p2

Question 1

Necrotic colic
1. Cause (2)
2. Treatment (4)

Answer 1

1. Cause
   - Displacement & entrapment of intestines, prolonged impaction & pressure on the intestinal wall.
   - Large strongyles obstruct blood supply to intestines (less common issue now).
2. Tx
   - Regular deworming
   - All dependent on underlying cause
   - Surgery
   - Medical management with IV &/or oral fluids w/NG tube, antibiotics, analgesics

Question 2

Diarrhea causes (8)

Answer 2

1. Salmonella
2. Colitis X
3. Potomac horse fever
4. NSAIDS
5. Antibiotics
6. Neoplasia
7. “Stress”
8. Parasites

Question 3

Salmonella
1. Etiology/cause
2. Signs (8)

Answer 3

1. Etiology/cause
   - Commonly presented in intestinal tract
   - Results from toxin produced by the bacteria
2. Signs
   - Diarrhea (foul, bloody, profuse)
   - Fever
   - Inappetence
   - Colic
   - Dehydration
   - Tachycardia, -pnea
   - Sepsis & laminitis
   - Depression

Question 4

T/F: Diarrhea caused by infectious disease can result in massive fluid loss

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Salmonella treatment (7)

Answer 5

1. ISOLATION!
2. Wearing proper PPE
3. IV fluid therapy
4. Analgesics
5. Antibiotics (sometimes)
6. Probiotics (sometimes)
7. IV fluid replacement

Question 6

Colitis X is caused by Clostridium perfringens Type A & the ___ it produces. This damages the intestinal ___. Horses may acutely ___ before the diarrhea is seen.

Answer 6

1. Toxins
2. Wall
3. Die

Question 7

Colitis X signs (5)

Answer 7

1. Depression
2. Pain
3. Fever
4. Shock
5. Bloody diarrhea

Question 8

Potomac Horse Fever
1. Cause (3)
2. Signs (4)
3. Treatment (2)

Answer 8

1. Caused by Neorickettsia ristcii (Ehrlichia risticii) with complicated transmission including:
   - A fluke
   - Insects feeding on secretions of snail & fluke
   - Horse ingest insects (typically w/water)
2. Signs
   - Inflammation of colon
   - Diarrhea
   - Fever
   - Depression
3. Tx
   - Vaccine
   - Oxytetracycline antiB IV

Question 9

Drug induced diarrhea can be caused by ___ or ___ antibiotics. ____s can cause GI ulceration resulting in diarrhea.

Answer 9

1. Oral
2. IV
3. NSAIDS

Question 10

Intestinal parasites that encyst in, or cause inflammation of the intestinal wall
FINISH

Question 11

Sequelae of acute diarrhea
FINISH

Question 12

Stress diarrhea is usually ___ and self-___. Typically, this is induced by ___, ___, & hospitalization. Usually no ___ is needed.

Answer 12

1. Mild
2. Self-limiting
3. Trailing
4. Showing
5. Treatment