equine dentistry Flashcards
Four types of equine teeth?
incisors
canines
wolf teeth
cheek teeth
Adaptations of tmj
- limited rostrocaudal movement
- increased lateral movement
- allows occlusal contact of all cheek teeth
Mastication
open stroke, closing stroke, power stroke(pressure to 1 side at a time)
Dental nomenclature
upper right = 1 upper left = 2 lower left = 3 lower right = 4 start from 01 and work out to 11
Erruption age of 01 -11?
01 - 2.5 y 02 - 3.5 y 03 - 4.5 y 04 - 4.5 y 05 - wolf so no permenant 06- 2.5 y 07 - 3y 08 - 4y 09 - 1y 10 - 2y 11- 3.5y
What is anisognathism?
maxillary arcade wider than mandibular arcade
What is angle of occlusal surface?
10 - 15 degrees
What is the curve of spee?
Upward slope of occlusal surface caudally
Whats an infundibulum?
infolding of enamal at the occusal surface
2 x in maxillary cheek
1 x in incisors
0x in mandibular cheek
What is the commonly used gag called?
Hausmann’s gag
Where are points normally found? and why?
buccal edge of maxillary arcade
lingual edge of mandibular arcade
because upper jaw larger
What is shearmouth? and what do you do about it?
occlusal angle over 15 degrees
treat: remove points from highest side, gradually every 3-6 months, address underlying pathology
What are the two main types of rasping blades?
carbide chip blades
solid tungsten carbide blades
What are the 4 main types of blades needed? and why?
1) straight head, long length (lower cheek, 3-6 upper)
2) obtuse angled head, long length (upper curve of spee)
3) angled offted head, medium length ( upper 1-4 cheek)
4) S float - curve of spee
What are rostral and caudal overgrowths?
on 106/206 and 311/411
usually due to rostral displacement of maxilla or disparity in cheek teeth rows
What are focal overgrowths? cause? treat?
when no wear of opposing tooth
due to: diastema, lost teeth, displaced teeth, fractured teeth
treat: gradually remove overgrowth as new occlusion will stimulate secondary dentine over the pulp so can take bit more off
Careful as can get saggital tooth fractures
What are infundibular carries?
excess enamel infolding - normally benign, cant do much anyway
can lead to septic pulpitis and saggital tooth fractures
What are excessive transverse ridge and what do we do about it?
larger than normal ridge
remove individual ridges
What is peridontal disease?
Disease of gingivae, peridontal ligament, alveolar bone
localised gingivitis causes pocket formation - trapped food compressed deepening pocket - destroy alveolar bone - bacteria enter pulp cavity through root canal
What is primary peridontal disease due to?
Diastema
What is a diastema and how can it cause disease?
Gap between teeth - food can get trapped
What can dental displacements be due to?
developmental - overcrowding
acquired
What are the signs of apical tooth infections?
asymmetrical jaw swelling, ventral discharging tract, oral involvement rare, halitosis, enlarged submandibular LN
Cause of maxillary apical tooth inf?
infundibular carries, pulp exposure, peridontal fistulation
Which maxillary teeth connect to which sinus?
6/7 dont connect to sinus
8/9 to rostral maxillary sinus
10/11 to caudal maxillary sinus
Angles for radiography
Latero-lateral (teeth apices superimposed but can see fluid lines in sinuses)
lateral - 45 degree ventral lateral oblique (less superimposition, plate on side you want to examine)
Best imaging method?
CT - can do standing, see individual roots, identify supernumerary
Methods of tooth removal
Repulsion
extraction
lateral bucotomy
How to repare fractured incisors?
Use cerclage wire and wrap round other teeth as anchors
