Cow abdominal pain Flashcards

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1
Q

What is rumen acidosis and its causes and treatment?

A

Cause: sudden ingenstion of lots of fermentable carbohydrates
Signs: dull, recumbent, ataxia, anorexia, blind, dehydrated, laminitis, rumen stasis, abdominal distension, high pulse
Treat: IV sodium bicarb, IV isotonic NaCl, oral magnesium hydroxide, rumenotomy

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2
Q

What is SARA?

A

Sub acute rumen acidosis
Herd syndrome : low milk fat, low yield, high cull rate, low appetite, liver abcess, laminitis, haemoptysis and epistaxis from thrombosis of caudal VC

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3
Q

How would you diagnose rumen bloat?

A

distension of left flank, dyspnoea, distressed, recumbent

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4
Q

What are the two types of bloat?

A

Frothy bloat

Gaseous bloat

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5
Q

What is frothy bloat?

A

Stable foam forms in rumen that cant be eructated.

From eating rich lush pasture

Treat : antifoaming agents / surfactant and sit in sternal recumbancy so can eructate

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6
Q

What is gaseous bloat?

A

From excessive carbs, oesophogeal obstruction, milk fever, lateral recumbancy

Treat: stomach tube , trocar

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7
Q

What is traumatic reticulo - peritonitis more commonly know as?

A

Hardware disease

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8
Q

What is reticulo - peritonitis?

What are the signs, tests and treatment?

A

Something penetrated reticulum that can cause local/diffuse peritonitis, pericarditis, liver abcesses

Signs: low milk, low appetite, high temp, arched back, less rumen movement, high jugular pulse, splashing sounds over heart

Test: Withers pinch, pole test, Eric williams test

Treat: raise front feet, antibiotics, rumenotomy, slaughter

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9
Q

LDA - cause , sigsn, disgnosis, treat

A

Cause : poor transition management, high concentrate diet, low fibre, fast diet change, milk fever, genetics

Abomasum enlarges with fluid/gas and drags omentum down with it so when open on the R the omentum is pulled very tightly

Signs: low milk, low appetite, high ketons, low rumen contraction

Diagnose: ping and tinkle

Treat: rolling, L/R flank omentopexy, R paramedian abomasopexy

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10
Q

LHS pings?

A
LDA
bloat
rumen collapse
vagal indigestion
pneumoperitoneum
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11
Q

RDA - problem, signs, treat

A

dilates and can then twist and get volvulus and ischemic necrosis

Signs: sick, shocked, dehydrated, in pain

Teat: surgery or slaughter

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12
Q

Right pings?

A
Caecal dilation 
Caecal volvulus
Gas in spiral colon (not clinically significant)
Uterine tear at calving
ruputured abomasal ulcer
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13
Q

What is the point of salivation?

A

buffers rumen

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14
Q

What is the consequence of rumen fermentation?

A

cellulose - VFA (mainly acetate - milk fat)

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15
Q

What happens when rumen ph drops?

A

normally between 6.2 - 7

low when lots of starch and sugar (conc) - propionate, butyrate and lactate

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16
Q

How does a RH omentopexy work?

A

incise on R paralumbar fossa and reach round behind the omentum and locate the abomasum on the LHS

if needed deflate the abomasum with a needles, then pull back round into position

suture into incision site with a piece of omentum

17
Q

What is the roll and toggle method?

A

Sedate the cow and lay her on her L, then roll her onto her back so her abomasum filled with gas floats up. Nothing to stop it going back to L so put in two toggles through into abomasum using a trochar just slightly to right of the midline and tie the attached suture material together