Equine 3-4 Flashcards
Duodenitis-proximal Jejunitis (DPG) characteristics
inflammation and stasis of the proximal segments of the small intestine
DPJ clinical signs
moderate pain
low fever
Dilated SI
ab tap: increase TS
DPJ clinical signs
low fever
Pain
HR decrease with gastric decompression
Strangulation clinical signs
normothermic
Pain
HR not related to reflux
Peritoneal fluid is serosanguious
DPJ treatment
Gastric decompression
NSAID
IV
DPJ potential complications
laminits
adhesions
Inflammatory bowel disease clinical signs
recurrent colic
weight loss
edema
Treatments for IBD
corticosteroids
Immune suppressants
Colitis clinical signs
endotoxemia- cause founder fever increased HR/RR toxic MM dehydration Diarrhea
Colitis lab data
Neutropenia acidosis decreased ions Decreased TP Increased liver enzymes
Colitis diagnostics
Whole blood
feces
US
Rad
Colitis treatment
Vol replacement
Colloids
Oral fluid replacement
ISOLATION
Colitis endotoxin related treatment
NSAID
Polymixin B
digital hypothermia
do you give colitis horses antibiotics
no
Colitis potential sequelae
laminits
renal failure
peritonitis
fungal pneumonia
Salmonellosis characteristics
PCR
increase in summer and fall
no specific therapy
Shed for 1-2 months
Neorickettsia risticii is also called
Potomac horse fever
Neorickettsia risticci characteristics
infectious not contagious
May to October
How is N. risticii transmitted
freshwater snails
N. risticii clinical signs
lethargy
anorexia
fever
N. risticii diagnosis
whole blood PCR
N. risticii prevention
tetracyclines
Common complication of N. risticii
laminitis
Clostridial infection difference between foals and adults
Adults: (difficile) antimicrobial associated diarrhea
Foals: (perfringens) diarrhea
Clostridiosis risk factors
Antimicrobial use
management factors
Clostridiosis diagnosis
fecal toxin tests
Clostridiosis therabpy
metronidazole
biosponge
Coronavirus clinical signs
fever anorexia lethargy colder months 1-4 days
Coronavirus transmission
fecal oral
Coronavirus treatment
supportive
Coronavirus diagnosis
fecal PCR
cantharidin toxicosis clinical signs
increased temp, HR, RR
diarrhea, lethargy, colic
Cantharidin toxicosis lab findings
decreased Ca, Mg, TP
duration of chronic diarrhea
greater than one month
chronic diarrhea diagnostic tests
CBC, Chem
abdomincentesis
Rectal exam
rectal biopsy
Chronic diarrhea treatment
supportive fluids/NSAIDS
Deworming
withdrawal of medications
Sand enteropathy characteristics
mild diarrhea
recurrent colic
sand enteropathy treatment
environmental
Psyllium mucilloid
Right dorsal colitis diagnosis
history
hypoalbuminemia
U/S
Right dorsal colitis treatment
NO NSAID
pelleted diet
psyllium mucilloid
Peritonitis characteristics
GI perforation
Iatrogenic
trauma
Post-op
Peritonitis diagnosis
ab tap
U/S
Peritonitis treatment
exploratory antibiotics lavage NSAID analgesics
Proliferative enteropathy usually infects
older foals
What causes proliferative enteropathy
lawsonia interacellularis
L. intracellularis clinical signs
edema
weight loss
colic
L. intracellularis diagnosis
panhypoproteinemia
Fecal PCR
L. intracellularis treatment
macrolides
Chloramphenicol
tetracyclines
What do you look at in an ultrasound in a foal
Umbilical structures
intestine
meconium retention clinical signs
First 48 hrs of life
Dark tarry feces
Meconium retention diagnosis
digital rectal
U/S
Meconium retention treatment
Soapy water
IV fluids
Pain management
What is the most common noninfectious cause of diarrhea in the first week of life
foal heat diarrhea
Foal heat diarrhea
Non-debilitating
5-15 days of age
usually no treatment required
Lactose intolerance
osmotic diarrhea in large colon
Lactose intolerance treatment
withdrawal of milk
lactase supplementation
Asphyxia
intolerant to feeding
severely ill foals
may colic
