equilibrium I Flashcards
where can dynamic equilibrium only happen?
in a closed system
what is the equilibrium constant?
Kc
what is the equilibrium constant for?
gives an idea of how far to the left or right equilibrium is
what is and what happens when a reaction is at equilibrium?
-rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction
-concentrations of reactants and products remain constant
how does equilibrium happen?
as the reactants get used up, the forward reaction slows down and as more product is formed
do catalysts affect the equilibrium constant?
-no ∴ you don’t include catalysts in expressions for equilibrium constant
-they don’t effect equilibrium concentrations of products or reactants they just speed up the rate at which dynamic equilibrium is reached
what type of substance is used ONLY in Kc expressions?
gases
what is heterogeneous system?
not all products and reactants are in the same physical state
what is a homogeneous system?
all products and reactants are in the same physical state
what does le chateliers principle predict?
what will happen if conditions are changed
how is equilibrium affected if you increase the concentration of a reactant?
equilibrium is shifted to the right
how is equilibrium affected if you increase the concentration of a product?
equilibrium is shifted to the left because equilibrium tries to remove the extra product
how is equilibrium affected if you increase the pressure?
shifts equilibrium to side with fewer gas molecules to reduce the added pressure
how is equilibrium affected if you decrease the pressure?
shifts equilibrium to side with more gas molecules to raise pressure again
how is equilibrium affected if you decrease the temperature?
shifts in the exothermic direction to try replace heat
