equilibrium Flashcards
what is required for equilibrium reaction?
a closed system
when does chem. equilibrium occur?
when a reaction and the reverse happen at the same rate.
what affects the rate of reaction?
the chemical quantities/ concentration/ mols of substance
how to write rate expression?
Kc= products over reactants (reminder, products = made, reactants = used)
what does equlibrium constant rely on?
stoichiometry, not mechanism.
how to tell which way reaction lies?
if kc is less than 1, it favours reactants, if it is greater than 1, then it points to the right.
what is homogeneous equilibria?
occur when all reactants and products are in the same phase
heterogeneous equilibria?
when something is the eq reaction is in a different phase.q
what to look for when making Kc eqouation
make sure there are no pure solids or liquids involved in the equilibrium. (don’t add water or solid element to a thing bc theres no point calculating the molarity
how does Q work?
reaction quotient, if its less than K it makes more products to equal out, if its more then it makes more reactants. nature wants K=Q
what is lechâteliers principle?
stress is applied to a system, it will move to reduce stress.
how does concentration affect equilibrium?
if a substance is added, then the system will work to consume some of it, and vice versa.
how does pressure affect equilibrium?
under more pressure it will shift to make the side with fewer molecules/mols.
how does temp affect equilibrium?
endothermic: ^T shifts to right, opposite for exothermic.
