Equilibrium Flashcards
what is dynamic equilibrium
in a reversible reaction dynamic equilibrium is reached when the concentrations of the reactants and products are constant and the forward reaction and backward are going at the same rate
what are the conditions for equlibrium
- closed system
- reached in either direction
- reaction going on all the time
- eq has been reached when properties don’t change with time
what is le chateliers principle
if a system at eq is changed the eq moves in the direction that tends to reduce the change
what happens when you change concentration in LCP
-if you increase conc the eq tries to get rid of the extra reactant, and to make more product eq shifts to right
what happens when you change pressure in LCP
- increasing pressuring shifts the eq to the side with fewer gas molecules
- decreasing the pressure shifts the eq to the side with more
what happens when you change temperature in LCP
-if the forward reaction is endo the revrse is exo
how does a catalyst effect the position of equilibrium
have no effect on position but speeds rate up on both sides
what is the sign for equilibrium constant
Kc
what is the expression for kc and there units
products [c][d]
————- = ——– moldm-3
reactants [a][b]
what happens when the reaction is endothermic and temperature decreases
- kc decreases
- products decrease
- eq moves to left
what happens when the reaction is endothermic and temperature increases
- kc increases
- products increase
- eq moves to right
what happens when the reaction is exothermic and temperature decreases
- kc increases
- products increase
- eq moves to right
what happens when the reaction is exothermic and temperature increases
- kc decreases
- products decrease
- eq moves to left
why does industry prefer to operate at temperatures lower than 30mpa
- less spent on equipment to deal with high pressures
- less expensive in producing high pressure
what is done with unreacted product
re use
