EQUILIBRIA

Question 1

are many reactions reversible or irreversible

Answer 1

reversible

Question 2

what happens in a sealed container

Answer 2

all products and reactants will exist
they are in equilibrium

Question 3

what does it mean if a reaction is in equilibrium

Answer 3

At equilibrium the concentrations of reactants / products remain constant
all products and reactants are present at equilibrium

Question 4

what does it mean if equilibrium is dynamic

Answer 4

rate of forward reaction = rate of backwards reaction

Question 5

what does shifting equilibrium to the right mean

Answer 5

more products

Question 6

what is Le Chateliers principle

Answer 6

“If a constraint is imposed on a system at equilibrium, then the system will respond in such a way as to counteract the effect of that constraint”
an equilibrium will shift to oppose any change

Question 7

concentration on shifting equilibrium

Answer 7

adding more of a reactant - shift to the right to oppose the increase in H2
adding more product - shifts to the left to oppose the increase in product
remove product - shifts to the right to oppose decrease in product

Question 8

pressure (gases only) on shifting equilibrium

Answer 8

increase pressure - shifts to side with fewer moles to oppose the decrease in pressure
decrease pressure -shifts to the side with more moles to oppose the decrease in pressure

Question 9

effect of temperature when shifting equilibrium

Answer 9

increase temp - shifts to endothermic side (left) to oppose increase in temperature
decrease temp - shifts to exothermic side (right) to oppose decrease in temperature

Question 10

do catalysts affect equilibrium

Answer 10

no as catalysts increase the rate of both the forwards and backwards reaction by the same amount