EPPP clinical Flashcards
Who is Karen Horney? Describe her theory and indicate what type of clinical psychologist she is?
Karen Horney is a neo-freudian.
Her main theory is about child development and has the idea that people either:
Move towards others/against others/away from others
It is healthy to do all three in certain circumstances, the neurotic person does primarily just one.
Describe Harry Stack Sullivan
Harry Stack Sullivan is a neo-freudian.
He valued relationships throughout the lifespan.
He is very interested in symbols
Came up with:
Prototaxic Mode—experiences before language symbols are used and
involves discrete unconnected momentary states
Parataxic Mode—private or autistic symbols and person sees causal
connections btw events that are not actually related
Syntaxic Mode—symbols that have shared meaning and logical,
sequential, and consistent thinking
Describe the 5 stages of Atkinson, Morten and Sue’s Minority identity model
Conformity (adopt dominant culture)
Dissonance (internal conflict about good and bad that one feels toward members of same and different culture)
Resistance (reject dominant culture)
Introspection (rethinking cultures)
Awareness (integrative stage multiculturalism)
Hereck’s term for sexism and related issues
sexual prejudice a global term for sexism and other prejudices about sex/identity
White Racial Identity model
Helm’s developed the following 6 stages
CONTACT DISINTEGRATES RACIAL PREJUDICE: IMMERSION ASSISTS
Contact (no awareness)
Disintegration (awareness of differences may over identify with minority, paternalistic)
Reintegration (becomes racist or acts as though racism does not exist)
Pseudo independence (events lead person to question racism)
Immersion (begins to replace racist views with facts)
Autonomy (accepts whiteness without being racist)
What is it called when a therapist only sees something from their own culture? and who is the theorist?
Cultural encapsulation; Wrenn
Emic vs. Etic
Emic is when things are interpreted within a person’s specific culture. Etic is a universalist approach
Acculturation and Identity model
Berry 4 stages
Assimilation (low original, high dominate), Separation (high dom, low original), Integration (high both), Marginalization low both
Black Racial Identity model (4 stages)
PREVENT ENEMY IDENTITY INTERNALIZATION
Pre-encounter (racial Id not thought about)
Encounter (Racist events)
Immersion/emmersion (struggle of old and new ideas)
Internalization (adopt African American world view)
What is Transactional Analysis
A psychodynamic (Berne) concept that involves analyzing balances/inbalances in the role a person takes in a social interaction (Adult-Child). Behavior and decisions are influenced by a script, which are defined early in life and a goal of treatment might be to change a script.
What is Adler’s individual psychology
Emphasizes future behavior and social interaction.
Inferiority complexes can be shaped early in life as a result of real/perceived weakness.
Style of life is the way we deal with inferiority and achievement needs.
Transference should be done with client to improve their self understanding.
What is Jungian Analytical Psychotherapy
Differs from Freud in that development continues into adulthood and slightly less libido focused.
Collective unconscious and archetypes are unique feature
What is object relations?
Belief that we are born with an innate object seeking (relationship-oriented) being.
Relationships and the images of relationships early in life form what we expect from relationships in the future.
What is an introject?
In object relations it means: a child’s internalized representation of something
In gestalt theory it means: adopting anothers views/values as ones own
Describe elements of client centered therapy.
View of self and self in relation to others. 3 key ingredients unconditional positive regard genuineness accurate empathic understanding
How does Gestalt therapy conceive of maladaptive behavior? How does that behavior develop?
The self-image gets in the way by imposing the external standards.
Problems result from boundary disturbances including:
Introjection - taking others concepts
projection - paranoia
retroflection - due to self what want to do to others
confluence - any differences between self and others leads to negative feelings
Existential and logotherapy
recognize freedom and take responsibility for change
Glasser’s Reality therapy
Innate basic needs—4 psychological (belonging, power, freedom, & fun) & 1 physical need (survival). If needs fulfilled in responsible way, person adopts a success ID.
Transference is bad for tx as are traditional diagnoses.
Interpersonal therapy is used for depression and other conditions what are its 4 main problem areas?
grief, role transitions, interpersonal role disputes, interpersonal deficits.
Solution focused therapy is associated with which techniques and what are they
miracle question (symptoms gone) Exception quesiton (times when symptoms not present) scaling questions (1-10 how do you feel)
Describe the transtheoretical model
This is a model about change motivation 5 stages
- precontemplation - prob not recognized
- contemplation - aware of prob
- preparation - getting ready to change
- action - doing things to change
- maintenance - preventing relapse/keep gains
Communication/ Interaction Family Therapy
goal is to disrupt the patterns of family communication that maintain symptoms.
It is known for the double-bind communication (2 conflicting neg injunctions—1 verbal, 1 typically nonverbal
Extended Family Systems Therapy
Bowen
Multigenerational transmission of problems. Issue is degree of differentiation among family members.
Emotion triangle-when dyad is stressed, 3rd person brought in to increase stability & reduce tension
Genograms
Structural Family Therapy main problems
Minuchin
1) Detouring-parents focus on child by scapegoating/blaming child for fam probs or overprotecting child
2) Stable coalition-parent & child form a cross-generational coalition & gang-up on other parent
3) Triangulation- (unstable coalition) child constantly pulled bt parents
