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EPPP testing prep > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Anticholinergic S.E.

A 
blurred vision
tachycardia
urine retention
constipation
 delayed ejaculation.  
Also: 
diarrhea
mem impair/confusion,
sedation
postural hypotension (low Blood pressure -dizzy when stand up)
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2
Q

Extrapyramidal S.E

A

caused by act on dopamine receptor, esp. caudate nucleus. Motor system;
includes:
parkinsonism,
akathisia,
dystonia,
tardive dyskinesia (more common in Female & elderly; relieved by benzodiazepine or other GABA agonist)

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3
Q

Side effect of MAOI

A 
Anticholinergic, 
hypertensive crisis
insomnia, 
agitation, 
confusion, 
headache, 
dizziness, 
skin rash, 
weight gain, 
edema, 
tremor, 
blood dyscrasia
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4
Q

Describe hypertensive crisis and which medication is associated with this issue

A

Hypertensive crisis is a sharp increase in blood pressure that can lead to stroke

Associated with MAOI

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5
Q

If SSRI and MAOI are combined what happens

A 
serotonin syndrome-
severe headache, nystagmus, 
tremor, unsteady gait, 
dizziness, confusion, delirium, 
irritability, 
cardiac arrhythmia, 
Can progress to coma & death
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6
Q

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome:

A

resembles a form of Parkinson’s, rapid onset of motor, mental, autonomic sxs, IS FATAL

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7
Q

amitriptyline (Elavil, Endep)
imipramine (Tofranil)
clomipramine (Anafranil)
doxepin (Sinequan, Adapin)

Are what?

A

Tricyclics

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8
Q

Which drugs are best for non-reactive depression with vegetative somatic symptoms

A

TCAs

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9
Q

Panic Agoraphobia and Bulimia may be treated by what

A

Imiprimine (Tofranil) a TCA

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10
Q

Which TCA is used to treat OCD

A

Clomipramine

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11
Q

Common side effects of TCAs

A 
Anticholinergic*, 
Cardiovascular sx (cardiotoxic);
confusion, 
drowsiness,  fatigue, 
weight gain, 
fine tremor, 
paresthesia (pins needles, numbness), 
blood dyscrasia
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12
Q

Common side effects of SSRIs

A 
GI disturbance (diarrhea or constipation, nausea,↓appetite), 
freq urination
anx, 
insomnia, 
headache, dizziness, 
tremor, 
sexual dysfunction,
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13
Q

Which antidepressants may be lethal in overdose

A

MAO and TCA

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14
Q

TCAs are dangerous for patients with what problem

A

cardiovascular disease

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15
Q

Which antidepressant requires a special diet? and what foods must be avoided

A

MAOIs must avoid use of certain foods that contain tyramines:
beer, aged cheese, wine, liver, avocados, bananas, fava beans
also no barbiturates, amphetamines or antihistamines

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16
Q

Venlafaxine (Effexor) is what kind of antidepressant

A

SNRI

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17
Q

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is what kind of antidepressant

A

NDRI

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18
Q

Nefazadone (Serzone) is what kind of antidepressant

A

SARI

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19
Q

Trazodone (Desyrel)

A

SARI

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20
Q

What are some differences between typical and atypical antipsychotics

A

typical antipsychotics may have worse extrapyramidal side effects. the typicals Block dopamine receptors [esp., D(2)] in brain, cause psychomotor slowing, emot quieting, affective indifference

in contrast the atypicals have less affinity for d2 and more for d4 and also serotonergic recepters

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21
Q

Side effects of Lithium

A

nausea, fine hand tremor, polyuria, polydipsia

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22
Q

Brand name and type: chlorpromazine

A

Thorazine Typical antipsychotic

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23
Q

Brand name and type: fluphenazines

A

Prolixin, Permitil Typical antipsychotic

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24
Q

Brand name and type: haloperidol

A

Haldol Typical antipsychotic

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25
Q

Brand name and type: thiothixene

A

Narvane Typical antipsychotic

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26
Q

Brand name and type: clozapine

A

Clorazil an atypical

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27
Q

Brand name and type: risperidone

A

Risperdal an atypical

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28
Q

Brand name and type: olanzapine

A

Zyprexa an atypical

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29
Q

Brand name and type: quetiapine

A

Seraquel an atypical

30
Q

Brand name and type: desipramine

A

Norpramin a TCA

31
Q

Brand name and type: nortriptyline

A

Aventyl, Pamelor a TCA

32
Q

Brand name and type: citalopram

A

Celexa SSRI

33
Q

Brand name and type: escitalopram

A

Lexapro SSRI

34
Q

Brand name and type: duloxetine

A

Cymbalta SNRI

35
Q

Brand name and type: vilazodone

A

Viibryd SSRI

36
Q

Brand name and type: atomoxetine

A

Strattera NRI for ADHD often

37
Q

Brand name and type: desvenlafaxine

A

Khedezla, Pristiq SNRI

38
Q

Brand name and type: selegiline

A

Emsam the MAOI patch!

39
Q

Brand name and type: lamotrigine

A

Lamictal mania med

40
Q

Brand name and type: divalproex

A

Depakote mania med

41
Q

Drugs for OCD

A 
clomipramine Anafranil 
fluoxetine Prozac
sertraline Zoloft
paroxetine Paxil
fluvoxamine Luvox
citalopram Celexa
escitalopram Lexapro
vilazodone Viibryd
42
Q

Methylphenidates

A 
Ritalin
Concerta
Metadate
Methylin
Daytrana (patch)
all for ADHD
43
Q

dexmethylphenidate

A

focalin (ADHD)

44
Q

dextroamphetamine

A

Dexedrine (ADHD)

45
Q

lisdexamphetamine

A

Vyvanse (ADHD)

46
Q

modafinil

A

Provigil, Sparlon (ADHD)

47
Q

Diazepam

A

valium (benzo)

48
Q

chlordiazepoxid

A

librium (benzo)

49
Q

clonazepam

A

Klonopin (benzo)

50
Q

guanfacine

A

Tenex, Intuniv (anti anxiety not a benzo)

51
Q

prazosin

A

Minipress For nightmares!

52
Q

propranolol

A

Inderal (anti anxiety not a benzo its a beta blocker)

53
Q

pimozide

A

Orap an antipsychotic often used for tourettes

54
Q

ziprasidone

A

Geodon

55
Q

Lithium overdose

A 
vomiting, nausea, diarrhea,  
slurred speech, confused 
sedation, 
coarse tremor, 
loss of coord;

Severe cases = seizures, coma, death

56
Q

What to avoid when on Lithium

A

Affects Na+ level in body; pts avoid fluctuate salt intk, caffeine, alcohol, other diuretics.

57
Q

Who should not take Lithium

A

Not for ppl w/ heart, kidney, GI probs, liver, thyroid

Or if pregnant

58
Q

Sometimes Bipolar is treated with anticonvulsants name some of those drugs

A 
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Valproic Acid (Depakote)
59
Q

Name some bartiburates

A

Amobarbital (Amytal)
pentobarbital (Nembutal)
phenobarbital (Luminal)
secobarbital (Seconal)

60
Q

Name some benzodiazepines

A 
diazepam (Valium)
alprazolam (Xanax)
oxazepam (Serax)
triazolam (Halcion)
chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
lorazepam (Ativan)
61
Q

Benzodiazepine side effects

A

Drowsiness, lethargy,
slurred speech, ataxia,
impaired psychomotor ability

Other: 
Irritable, hostile, 
skin rash, 
paradoxical excitation, impaired sexual functioning, 
↑appetite, weight gain, 
blood dyscrasias,
 disorient, confused, 
sleep disturb (↓ REM sleep), 
anterograde amnesia, 
depress
62
Q

Benzodiazpine withdrawal symptoms

A

Causes ↓ REM sleep; abrupt cessation can produce REM rebound + nightmares; some cases, hallucinations

Withdrawal effects severe & can be life-threatening w/o medical spvn
Withdrawal sx can be severe; abrupt cessation can cause rebound hyper-excitability, sometimes w/ seizures, panic, stroke, depersonalization

63
Q

nonadrenergic syndrome

A

hyperthermia, shivering, tachycardia, restlessness, nausea, confusion, insomnia

64
Q

Amphetamine or cocaine intoxication

A 
euphoria
hyperactivity
grandiosity
confusion
anger
paranoid ideation
auditory hallucinations
tachycardia
elevated blood pressure
dilated pupils
chills 
nausea vomiting, weight loss
psychomotor agitation
muscular weakness
confusion seizures
65
Q

Amphetamine or cocaine withdrawal

A 
dysphoric mood
fatigue
bad dreams
insomnia or hypersomnia
increased appetite
psychomotor agitation or retardation

can cause a crash - intense depression

66
Q

caffeine intoxication

A

restlessness nervousness
insomnia
flushed face
diuresis GI problems

at worse
muscle twitching
rambling thoughts or speech
cardiac arrhythmias
psychomotor agitation
67
Q

Sedative hypnotic or anxiolytic intoxication

A

overly aggressive behavior
overly sexual behavior
impaired judgment
mood lability

slurred speech
incoordination unsteady gait
nystagmus (repeated uncontrolled eye movement)
impaired memory or attention

stupor or coma

68
Q

Opioid intoxication

A

a high
followed by apathy or dysphoria
psychomotor agitation/retardation

pupillary constriction, drowsiness
impaired attention or memory
slurred speech

severe cases
respiratory distress, coma and death

69
Q

Opioid withdrawal

A 
flu like symptoms
sweating goose bumps
fever
pupil dilation
nausea vomiting
abdominal cramps diarrhea, 
agitation and restlessness
insomnia
dysphoric mood
70
Q

nicotine withdrawal

A 
depressed mood
insomnia
irritability
anxiety
restlessness
impaired concentration
decreased heart rate
increased appetite

EPPP testing prep (7 decks)

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