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EPPP testing prep > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Anticholinergic S.E.

A 
blurred vision
tachycardia
urine retention
constipation
 delayed ejaculation.  
Also: 
diarrhea
mem impair/confusion,
sedation
postural hypotension (low Blood pressure -dizzy when stand up)
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2
Q

Extrapyramidal S.E

A

caused by act on dopamine receptor, esp. caudate nucleus. Motor system;
includes:
parkinsonism,
akathisia,
dystonia,
tardive dyskinesia (more common in Female & elderly; relieved by benzodiazepine or other GABA agonist)

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3
Q

Side effect of MAOI

A 
Anticholinergic, 
hypertensive crisis
insomnia, 
agitation, 
confusion, 
headache, 
dizziness, 
skin rash, 
weight gain, 
edema, 
tremor, 
blood dyscrasia
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4
Q

Describe hypertensive crisis and which medication is associated with this issue

A

Hypertensive crisis is a sharp increase in blood pressure that can lead to stroke

Associated with MAOI

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5
Q

If SSRI and MAOI are combined what happens

A 
serotonin syndrome-
severe headache, nystagmus, 
tremor, unsteady gait, 
dizziness, confusion, delirium, 
irritability, 
cardiac arrhythmia, 
Can progress to coma & death
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6
Q

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome:

A

resembles a form of Parkinson’s, rapid onset of motor, mental, autonomic sxs, IS FATAL

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7
Q

amitriptyline (Elavil, Endep)
imipramine (Tofranil)
clomipramine (Anafranil)
doxepin (Sinequan, Adapin)

Are what?

A

Tricyclics

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8
Q

Which drugs are best for non-reactive depression with vegetative somatic symptoms

A

TCAs

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9
Q

Panic Agoraphobia and Bulimia may be treated by what

A

Imiprimine (Tofranil) a TCA

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10
Q

Which TCA is used to treat OCD

A

Clomipramine

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11
Q

Common side effects of TCAs

A 
Anticholinergic*, 
Cardiovascular sx (cardiotoxic);
confusion, 
drowsiness,  fatigue, 
weight gain, 
fine tremor, 
paresthesia (pins needles, numbness), 
blood dyscrasia
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12
Q

Common side effects of SSRIs

A 
GI disturbance (diarrhea or constipation, nausea,↓appetite), 
freq urination
anx, 
insomnia, 
headache, dizziness, 
tremor, 
sexual dysfunction,
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13
Q

Which antidepressants may be lethal in overdose

A

MAO and TCA

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14
Q

TCAs are dangerous for patients with what problem

A

cardiovascular disease

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15
Q

Which antidepressant requires a special diet? and what foods must be avoided

A

MAOIs must avoid use of certain foods that contain tyramines:
beer, aged cheese, wine, liver, avocados, bananas, fava beans
also no barbiturates, amphetamines or antihistamines

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16
Q

Venlafaxine (Effexor) is what kind of antidepressant

A

SNRI

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17
Q

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is what kind of antidepressant

A

NDRI

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18
Q

Nefazadone (Serzone) is what kind of antidepressant

A

SARI

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19
Q

Trazodone (Desyrel)

A

SARI

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20
Q

What are some differences between typical and atypical antipsychotics

A

typical antipsychotics may have worse extrapyramidal side effects. the typicals Block dopamine receptors [esp., D(2)] in brain, cause psychomotor slowing, emot quieting, affective indifference

in contrast the atypicals have less affinity for d2 and more for d4 and also serotonergic recepters

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21
Q

Side effects of Lithium

A

nausea, fine hand tremor, polyuria, polydipsia

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22
Q

Brand name and type: chlorpromazine

A

Thorazine Typical antipsychotic

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23
Q

Brand name and type: fluphenazines

A

Prolixin, Permitil Typical antipsychotic

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24
Q

Brand name and type: haloperidol

A

Haldol Typical antipsychotic

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25
Brand name and type: thiothixene
Narvane Typical antipsychotic
26
Brand name and type: clozapine
Clorazil an atypical
27
Brand name and type: risperidone
Risperdal an atypical
28
Brand name and type: olanzapine
Zyprexa an atypical
29
Brand name and type: quetiapine
Seraquel an atypical
30
Brand name and type: desipramine
Norpramin a TCA
31
Brand name and type: nortriptyline
Aventyl, Pamelor a TCA
32
Brand name and type: citalopram
Celexa SSRI
33
Brand name and type: escitalopram
Lexapro SSRI
34
Brand name and type: duloxetine
Cymbalta SNRI
35
Brand name and type: vilazodone
Viibryd SSRI
36
Brand name and type: atomoxetine
Strattera NRI for ADHD often
37
Brand name and type: desvenlafaxine
Khedezla, Pristiq SNRI
38
Brand name and type: selegiline
Emsam the MAOI patch!
39
Brand name and type: lamotrigine
Lamictal mania med
40
Brand name and type: divalproex
Depakote mania med
41
Drugs for OCD
``` clomipramine Anafranil fluoxetine Prozac sertraline Zoloft paroxetine Paxil fluvoxamine Luvox citalopram Celexa escitalopram Lexapro vilazodone Viibryd ```
42
Methylphenidates
``` Ritalin Concerta Metadate Methylin Daytrana (patch) all for ADHD ```
43
dexmethylphenidate
focalin (ADHD)
44
dextroamphetamine
Dexedrine (ADHD)
45
lisdexamphetamine
Vyvanse (ADHD)
46
modafinil
Provigil, Sparlon (ADHD)
47
Diazepam
valium (benzo)
48
chlordiazepoxid
librium (benzo)
49
clonazepam
Klonopin (benzo)
50
guanfacine
Tenex, Intuniv (anti anxiety not a benzo)
51
prazosin
Minipress For nightmares!
52
propranolol
Inderal (anti anxiety not a benzo its a beta blocker)
53
pimozide
Orap an antipsychotic often used for tourettes
54
ziprasidone
Geodon
55
Lithium overdose
``` vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, slurred speech, confused sedation, coarse tremor, loss of coord; ``` Severe cases = seizures, coma, death
56
What to avoid when on Lithium
Affects Na+ level in body; pts avoid fluctuate salt intk, caffeine, alcohol, other diuretics.
57
Who should not take Lithium
Not for ppl w/ heart, kidney, GI probs, liver, thyroid | Or if pregnant
58
Sometimes Bipolar is treated with anticonvulsants name some of those drugs
``` Carbamazepine (Tegretol) Valproic Acid (Depakote) ```
59
Name some bartiburates
Amobarbital (Amytal) pentobarbital (Nembutal) phenobarbital (Luminal) secobarbital (Seconal)
60
Name some benzodiazepines
``` diazepam (Valium) alprazolam (Xanax) oxazepam (Serax) triazolam (Halcion) chlordiazepoxide (Librium) lorazepam (Ativan) ```
61
Benzodiazepine side effects
Drowsiness, lethargy, slurred speech, ataxia, impaired psychomotor ability ``` Other: Irritable, hostile, skin rash, paradoxical excitation, impaired sexual functioning, ↑appetite, weight gain, blood dyscrasias, disorient, confused, sleep disturb (↓ REM sleep), anterograde amnesia, depress ```
62
Benzodiazpine withdrawal symptoms
Causes ↓ REM sleep; abrupt cessation can produce REM rebound + nightmares; some cases, hallucinations Withdrawal effects severe & can be life-threatening w/o medical spvn Withdrawal sx can be severe; abrupt cessation can cause rebound hyper-excitability, sometimes w/ seizures, panic, stroke, depersonalization
63
nonadrenergic syndrome
hyperthermia, shivering, tachycardia, restlessness, nausea, confusion, insomnia
64
Amphetamine or cocaine intoxication
``` euphoria hyperactivity grandiosity confusion anger paranoid ideation auditory hallucinations ``` ``` tachycardia elevated blood pressure dilated pupils chills nausea vomiting, weight loss psychomotor agitation muscular weakness confusion seizures ```
65
Amphetamine or cocaine withdrawal
``` dysphoric mood fatigue bad dreams insomnia or hypersomnia increased appetite psychomotor agitation or retardation ``` can cause a crash - intense depression
66
caffeine intoxication
restlessness nervousness insomnia flushed face diuresis GI problems ``` at worse muscle twitching rambling thoughts or speech cardiac arrhythmias psychomotor agitation ```
67
Sedative hypnotic or anxiolytic intoxication
overly aggressive behavior overly sexual behavior impaired judgment mood lability slurred speech incoordination unsteady gait nystagmus (repeated uncontrolled eye movement) impaired memory or attention stupor or coma
68
Opioid intoxication
a high followed by apathy or dysphoria psychomotor agitation/retardation pupillary constriction, drowsiness impaired attention or memory slurred speech severe cases respiratory distress, coma and death
69
Opioid withdrawal
``` flu like symptoms sweating goose bumps fever pupil dilation nausea vomiting abdominal cramps diarrhea, agitation and restlessness insomnia dysphoric mood ```
70
nicotine withdrawal
``` depressed mood insomnia irritability anxiety restlessness impaired concentration decreased heart rate increased appetite ```

EPPP testing prep (7 decks)

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