Epithelium Flashcards
Basic Tissue Types- What are the 4 basic tissue types?
- Epithelium- Connective tissue- Muscle- Nervous tissue
Epithelia Functions (e.g in)- Mechanical barrier- Chemical barrier- Absorption- Secretion- Containment- Locomotion
- Skin- Stomach lining- Intestinal lining- Salivary gland- Linining of urinary bladder- By cilia in the oviduct
Epithelia Composition- What is it composed of?- Adhesions between cells
- Closely aggregated, polyhedral epithelial cells. Minimum of intercellular substance.- Very strong - allows for the formation of impermeable sheets
Characteristics of Epithelia- Polarized or not?- Basal surface attached to?- Vascular or non-vascular?
- Typically polarized- Basal lamina- Non-vascular
Epithelial Cytoskeleton- What are the three types of filaments?- How do they form a skeleton?
- Microfilaments (5nm diameter), intermediate filaments (10nm diameter) and microtubules (25nm diameter)- Anchor to cell membranes and to each other to form a dyamic 3D skeleton
Intercellular Junctions- 3 types and brief function- Junctional complex
- Occluding junctions form a diffusion barrier. Anchoring/adherent junctions provide mechanical strength. Communicating junctions allow movement of molecules between cells.- Close association of several types of junctions found in epithelial and other kinds of tissues
Classification of Surface Epithelia- Cell shape can be…- Number of layers…- Cell/tissue surface specialisations- Specialised cell types such as…
- Squamous, cuboidal or columnar- Simple, stratified or pseudo-stratified- Cilia, microvili, keratin etc- Goblet cells
Cell Surface Specialisations- Microvili- Cilia- Keratin
- Tiny finger-like projections on the surface of the epithelium which are vital in increasing surface area for absorption.- Motile projections. Serve to propel mucous or liquid over the cell surface.- Group of tough, specialised epitheliums. Hair, nails and horns are made of keratin
Goblet Cells- What are goblet cells?
- Little individual secretory cells. Found in places like the trachea as part of the repiratory epithelium
Name this structure
Fallopian Tube
Name this structure
Lining of Trachea
Name this structure
Kidney
Classification of Glands- Exocrine glands- Endocrine glands
- Product secreted towards the apical end - either into the lumen of an internal space, a duct, or the body surface- Product secreted towards the basal end - taken up and distributed throughout the body by the vascular system
What is shown in the image?(Hint: Solid organ made of epithelium)
Pancreas
What is shown in the image?(Hint: Solid organ made of epithelium)
Liver
