Epithelium

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Active take up of molecules (active/cell uses energy)

Question 2

Secretion

Answer 2

Active release of molecules (active/cell uses energy)

Question 3

What do absorption and secretion usually involve?

Answer 3

Microvilli (extensions to increase surface area)

Question 4

Diffusion

Answer 4

Molecules move down concentration gradient (passive/no energy)

Question 5

Filtration

Answer 5

Plasma (fluid component of blood) leaks across capillary walls (passive/no energy)

Question 6

Propulsion

Answer 6

Cilia drive fluid along surface of epithelium

Question 7

Sliding

Answer 7

Cilia sliding across surface of epithelium

Question 8

Protection

Answer 8

Create multiple cell layers like a wall on top of each other

Question 9

Sensory reception

Answer 9

Epithelial cell generates sensory signal

Question 10

How do you classify by number of cell layers?

Answer 10

Simple and stratified

Question 11

Simple

Answer 11

Each cell is attached to basement membrane

Question 12

Stratified

Answer 12

Multiple layers; only the basal layer is directly attached to basement membrane

Question 13

How do you classify by shape?

Answer 13

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 14

Where is simple squamous? (1)

Answer 14

No surface projections (cilia, microvilli) in lining of air sacs in lungs (alveoli)

Question 15

Where is simple squamous? (2)

Answer 15

Endothelium (inner lining of heart and blood cells)

Question 16

Where is simple squamous? (3)

Answer 16

Glomerular capsule in kidney (where filtration occurs)

Question 17

Where is simple squamous? (4)

Answer 17

Mesothelium (lining of closed body cavities)

Question 18

Where is simple cuboidal?

Answer 18

In (most) glands and kidney tubules (provides more room for organelles)

Question 19

Where is simple columnar? (1)

Answer 19

Non-ciliated (lines most of digestive tract)

Question 20

What does the columnar shape do?

Answer 20

Provides more room for orangelles

Question 21

What do goblet cells do?

Answer 21

Secrete mucus in digestive and respiratory tracts

Question 22

Where is simple columnar? (2)

Answer 22

Lines small bronchi (air tubes in lungs) and sweeps away debris

Question 23

Where is simple columnar? (3)

Answer 23

Lines uterine tube

Question 24

Is pseudostratified actually stratified?

Answer 24

No, all cells are attached to basement membrane

Question 25

What happens to the undifferentiated cells?

Answer 25

They don’t reach the apical surface

Question 26

Why does pseudostratified tissue look “stratified”?

Answer 26

Nuclei occur at different levels

Question 27

Where does pseudostratified columnar tissue line?

Answer 27

(ciliated) Lines trachea and upper respiratory tract

Question 28

What tissue does absorption and secretion use?

Answer 28

Simple cuboidal/columnar/pseudostratified

Question 29

What tissue does diffusion and filtration use?

Answer 29

Simple squamous

Question 30

What tissue does propulsion use?

Answer 30

Simple cuboidal/columnar/pseudostratified

Question 31

Stratified squamous (thickest)

Answer 31

Function is protection, keratinized (skin)

Question 32

Stratified cuboidal

Answer 32

Function is protection/secretion, large ducts of glands

Question 33

Stratified columnar

Answer 33

Function is protection/secretion, in urethra

Question 34

Transitional

Answer 34

Function is stretchable/protection, in urinary bladder

Question 35

What happens to the apical cells in transitional epithelium?

Answer 35

Change shape when tissue stretches

Question 36

Glands

Answer 36

Cells specialized for secretion, most glands develop from invaginated epithelium

Question 37

Exocrine

Answer 37

Secrete products onto body surfaces or into cavities, all derived from epithelial

Question 38

What is a unicellular example of exocrine?

Answer 38

Goblet cells (no ducts in this case)

Question 39

Endocrine

Answer 39

Secretes products into the blood, derived from epithelia or other tissue (nervous)

Question 40

What are endocrine products?

Answer 40

Hormones (have specific effects on target organs)

Question 41

Which has ducts, exocrine or endocrine?

Answer 41

Exocrine