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IPHY 3410 - Exam 1 > Basic concepts and cells > Flashcards

Basic concepts and cells Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical position

A

Face, palms, feet forward. Upper/lower limbs vertical

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2
Q

Axial region

A

(everything but limbs) head, neck, trunk

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3
Q

Appendicular region (arm)

A

arm (upper), forearm (middle), hand (lower)

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4
Q

Appendicular region (leg)

A

thigh (upper), leg (middle), foot (lower)

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5
Q

Superior / inferior

A

Upward / downward

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6
Q

Anterior / posterior

A

Toward front / behind

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7
Q

Cranial / caudal

A

Toward head end / toward tail end

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8
Q

Ventral / dorsal

A

Toward belly side / toward back

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9
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides body anterior / posterior (slicing thru head)

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10
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides body into superior / inferior parts (cross section)

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11
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides body into left right parts (thru butt)

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12
Q

Mid-sagittal vs parasagittal?

A

Mid-sagittal is at the midline and parasagittal is not

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13
Q

What are all living organisms made of?

A

Cells

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14
Q

What are cells grouped into?

A

Tissues

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15
Q

Tissues

A

Group of cells with a similar structure that performs a common function

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16
Q

What are the 4 tissue types?

A

Epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, and nervous

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17
Q

Epithelium tissue

A

For lining of surfaces

18
Q

Connective tissue

A

Framework

19
Q

Muscle tissue

A

For movement and protection

20
Q

Nervous tissue

A

For communication and thinking

21
Q

What do tissues combine to form?

A

Organs

22
Q

How far apart are cells?

A

~10 micrometers

23
Q

What do cells rely on?

A

Diffusion

24
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer surrounding cell

25
Q

What do the proteins in plasma membranes do?

A

They control entering and exiting

26
Q

What is the semi-liquid material between organelles in the cytoplasm?

A

Cytosol

27
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

A

Makes products in cytoplasm

28
Q

Vesicle

A

Transports materials in cytoplasm

29
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Packages products from ER and transports them in cytoplasm

30
Q

Lysosomes

A

Demolishes materials in cytoplasm

31
Q

Mitochondria

A

Generates power

32
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Rod-like proteins in the cell providing support and movement

33
Q

Microtubules

A

Trackway for transport of materials to and from center of cell

34
Q

Intermediate filaments

A

Prevent cell from being torn apart by tension (pulling) forces

35
Q

Microfilaments

A

Mainly consists of actin, which interacts with myosin to produce changes in cell shape

36
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center of cell

37
Q

Cell junctions

A

Specialized cell-to-cell contact

38
Q

Tight junctions

A

Prevents diffusion across tissue through extracellular space

39
Q

Desmosomes

A

Anchors adjacent cells together

40
Q

Gap junctions

A

Passageway from one cell to another

IPHY 3410 - Exam 1 (5 decks)

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